以减少超精密机床气浮导轨高速运动时气体阻力为设计目标，应用雷诺平均方程(Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations， RANS)和带旋流修正的k-ε湍流模型，建立导轨微结构功能表面流体动力学减阻分析模型。采用减阻机理分析与仿真方法对比分析矩形沟槽、V形沟槽、U形沟槽、Space-V沟槽等四种微结构表面构型，确定最适合超精密机床气浮导轨表面减阻需求的构型是V形沟槽结构表面。继而对V形沟槽表面几何参数进行优化设计，获得优化的沟槽角度、宽度、间距设计参数，确定最优超精密机床静压气浮导轨微结构功能表面。该设计研究可用于进一步保障超精密机床设计精度和运动精度。

Micro-structured surfaces for aerostatic linear guideways are designed to reduce the gas resistance in high speed machine tools. Frist,an analysis model of micro-structured for air drag reduction is established based on the Reynolds averaged N-S equations and the Realizablek-ε turbulence model. Furthermore,the influencing of various factors on the micro-structured surfaces is identified through the four types of the micro-structures as case studies,by adopting the methods of drag reducing mechanism and simulation analysis,respectively. The four configurations are rectangular groove,V-shaped groove,U-shaped groove and Space-V groove surfaces. Among them,the most suitable groove surface for the ultra-precision machine tools is V-shaped groove surface. Finally,optimized analysis for the V-shaped groove surfaces is carried out using geometrical parameters including groove angle,width and gap,etc. The design study can be used to further ensure the design precision and movement accuracy for ultra-precision machine tools.