The pattern of a friction pair is an important factor affecting the friction braking temperature. Focusing on three different patterns of friction pairs formed with round, triangle and hexagon pad, braking experiments are conducted on an inertia test bench under the conditions of 50-250 km/h initial velocities. Using ABAQUS software simulation three kinds of the friction brake disc temperature field are conducted under different conditions. The results indicate that the numerical simulation of the temperature field matches the experimental results well. The influence of the friction pair structure on the disc surface temperature distribution is closely related to the braking conditions and is most obvious at the beginning of braking, and increase with the increase of braking initial velocity and braking pressure. This is because different structures of the friction pair lead to different distributions of the arc length. Friction arc length differences in turn amplifies the energy difference with the increase of the braking speed and high pressure, resulting in increased sensitivity of the brake disc temperature distribution to the brake pad structure.