：The type of alloy powders,laser output power,and scanning speed are selected as influencing factors to conduct orthogonal cladding experiment on the substrate of carbon steel C45. Bonding shear strength and micro hardness of the clad layer and the substrate are tested and analyzed. And cladding layer SEM imaging and EDS components are analyzed by the use of high resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results show that a good metallurgical bond is formed between the cladding layer and the substrate without porous cracks and other defects. Shear stress intensity of nickel based powder is 2-3 times more than the parent material,while that of Fe based powder is 5 times more than the parent material; The powder type has the largest impact on adhesion,scanning speed has the secondary impact,while laser output power has the minimal impact; The hardness of cladding layer outside is higher than the binding part and the middle part,in the heat affected zone,the hardness is higher than that of base metal; The strength of laser cladding can meet the requirements of remanufacturing.