Current Situation and Prospects of Welding Arc Monitoring Technology

  • JIANG Fan ,
  • LI Yuanfeng ,
  • CHEN Shujun
Expand
  • 1. Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automotive Components of Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding Production Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001

Received date: 2017-05-23

  Revised date: 2017-07-25

  Online published: 2018-01-20

Abstract

The real-time information monitoring、acquisition and analyze of arc in welding process, is a key way to ensure welding quality, and to enhance the level of arc welding technology. With the rapid development of measuring technique and measuring methods, the method to obtain valuable information, after classifying complicated arc information, has made great progress. This article starts from the physical properties of arc, summarizing the situation of arc working process monitoring and measurement at home and abroad. The arc monitoring and measurement mainly includes probe method and schlieren method, representative of active measurement, also the arc electrical signal, sound signal and light signal acquisition, representative of passive measurement. This article after recommending the theory, characteristics and research status of each welding arc measurement technology, the forecast of the development trend and prospects of this field are given in the end.

Cite this article

JIANG Fan , LI Yuanfeng , CHEN Shujun . Current Situation and Prospects of Welding Arc Monitoring Technology[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018 , 54(2) : 16 -26 . DOI: 10.3901/JME.2018.02.016

References

[1] 肖天骄. 焊接TIG电弧的导电机构及其能量分布的研究[D]. 北京:北京工业大学,2013. XIAO Tianjiao. A study on conductive mechanism of TIG welding arc and its energy distribution[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2013.
[2] 白岩,高洪明,路浩,等. 基于LabVIEW的熔化极等离子弧焊接电弧电信号分析[J]. 焊接学报,2006,27(8):59-62. BAI Yan,GAO Hongming,LU Hao,et al. Analysis of Plasma-MIG arc signal based on LabVIEW[J]. Transactions of The China Welding Institution,2006,27(8):59-62.
[3] 李桓,陈埒涛,李国华. 不同电感条件下焊接电弧电信息的统计分析[J]. 焊接技术,2004,33(6):7-9. LI Huan,CHEN Lietao,LI Guohua. Statistical analysis of welding arc electrical information under the conditions of different induction[J]. Welding Technology,2004,33(6):7-9.
[4] 王海燕,陈强,孙振国,等. 等离子焊接熔池小孔尺寸的电弧信号检测[J]. 焊接学报,2000,21(3):24-26. WANG Haiyan,CHEN Qiang,SUN Zhenguo,et al. Detection of keyhole size by arc signal processing[J] Transactions of The China Welding Institution,2000,21(3):24-26.
[5] 易志平,薛家祥. CO2焊电信号的小波分析[J]. 华南理工大学学报,2002,30(6):27-29. YI Zhiping,XUE Jiaxiang. Wavelet analysis of electric signals in CO2 welding[J]. Journal of South China University of Technology,2002,30(6):27-29.
[6] 兰虎. 基于电弧声信号特征MIG焊熔透状态模式识别[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨理工大学,2009. LAN Hu. Penetration state recognition of mig welding based on signal characteristics of arc sound[D]. Harbin:Harbin University of Science and Technology,2009.
[7] 王耀文,陈强,孙振国,等. 等离子弧焊接穿孔行为的声信号传感[J]. 机械工程学报,2001,37(1):53-56. WANG Yaowen,CHEN Qiang,SUN Zhenguo,et al. Sound sensing of the keyhole behaviors in plasma arc welding[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2001,37(1):53-56.
[8] 吕娜. 基于电弧声信号的铝合金脉冲GTAW熔透特征识别及其实时控制研究[D]. 上海:上海交通大学,2014. LÜ Na. Recognition and real-time control of penetration characteristics of al alloy pulsed GTAW process based on the arc audio information[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2014.
[9] GRAD L,GRUM J,POLAJNAR I,et al. Feasibility study of acoustic signals for on-line monitoring in short circuit gas metal arc welding[J]. International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture,2004,44(5):555-561.
[10] 温建力. MIG焊电弧声实验初步探讨[J]. 煤矿机械,2009(9):99-100. WEN Jianli. MIG welding arc sound experimental preliminary study[J]. Coal Mine Machinery,2009(9):99-100.
[11] 马跃洲. 基于电弧声信号的CO焊质量监控方法研究[D]. 兰州:兰州理工大学,2005. MA Yuezhou. Research on the methods for quality monitoring based on arc sound signal in CO2 arc welding[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology,2005.
[12] ZHANG Y M,WU L,CHEN D H,et al. Determining joint penetration in GTAW with vision sensing of weld face geometry[J]. Welding Journal,1993,72(10):S463-S469.
[13] 郭珍珍. 宽动态焊接过程监控系统研制[D]. 北京:北京工业大学,2016. GUO Zhenzhen. A multiple exposure images fusion used in welding control system[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Technology,2016.
[14] HAIDAR J. Large effect of cathode shape on plasma temperature in high-current free-burning arcs[J]. Journal of Physics D Applied Physics,1994,27(3):555.
[15] 马税良. 基于图像采集的TIG焊接电弧动态光谱诊断研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2009. MA Shuiliang. Time resolved spectroscopic diagnosis of TIG welding arcs by monochromatic imaging[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2009.
[16] 宋永伦. 焊接电弧等离子体的光谱诊断法及其应用的研究[D]. 天津:天津大学,1990. SONG Yonglun. Spectroscopic study and its application in welding arc plasma[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,1990.
[17] ÁLVAREZ R,RODERO A,QUINTERO M C. An Abel inversion method for radially resolved measurements in the axial injection torch[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part B Atomic Spectroscopy,2002,57(11):1665-1680.
[18] HADDAD G N,FARMER A J D. Temperature determination in a free-burning arc. I. Experimental techniques and results in argon[J]. Public Choice,1984,62(2):139-151.
[19] 张旺,华学明,潘成刚,等. 基于Stark展宽的TIG焊接电弧三维电子密度测量研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(10):2601-2604. ZHANG Wang,HUA Xueming,PAN Chenggang. The reconstruction of welding arc 3D electron density distribution based on stark broadening[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2012,32(10):2601-2604.
[20] CHIANG W T,GRIEM H R. Observations of line-continuum interference effect in the wings of argon ion lines[J]. Journal of Physics B Atomic & Molecular Physics,1978,11(24):L761-L764.
[21] 斯红. 基于标准温度法TIG电弧温度场诊断技术研究[D]. 上海:上海交通大学,2013. SI Hong. Temperature field of TIG arc based on FOWLER-MILNE method[D]. Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University,2013.
[22] 斯红,华学明,张旺,等. 基于Boltzmann光谱法的焊接电弧温度场测量计算[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析,2012,32(9):2311-2313. SI Hong,HUA Xueming,ZHANG Wang,et al. Welding arc temperature field measurements based on Boltzmann spectrometry[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis 2012,32(9):2311-2313.
[23] SHIWAKU T. Determining temperature distributions of gas tungsten arc (TIG) plasma by spectroscopic methods[J]. Welding International,1997,11(9):688-696.
[24] TSUJIMURA Y,NAKATANI M,TANAKA M. Analysis of metal vapor behavior in gas shielded arc welding with consumable electrode by imagining spectroscopy[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane,2012,98(10):534-540.
[25] 殷咸青,孙江涛,张建勋. 纵向磁场作用下的钨极氩弧焊电弧温度场[J]. 西安交通大学学报,2013,47(3):85-89. YIN Xianqing,SUN Jiangtao,ZHANG Jianxun. Arc temperature distribution of gas tungsten arc welding in external longitudinal magnetic field[J]. Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2013,47(3):85-89.
[26] 马税良,高洪明,张广军,等. 阿贝尔逆变换数据处理算法在电弧诊断中的应用[J]. 光学学报,2007,27(9):1633-1638. MA Shuiliang,GAO Hongming,ZHANG Guangjun,et al. A data processing method for Abel inversion in arc plasma diagnostics[J]. Acta Optica Sinca,2007,27(9):1633-1638.
[27] 熊俊. 基于ART算法的双钨极耦合电弧温度场光谱诊断[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2010. XIONG Jun. Spectroscopic diagnosis of temperature distribution of twin-electrode TIG coupling arc based on art algorithm[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2010.
[28] NOMURA K,KISHI T,SHIRAI K,et al. Temperature measurement of asymmetrical pulsed TIG arc plasma by multidirectional monochromatic imaging method[J]. Welding in the World Le Soudage Dans Le Monde,2014,59(2):283-293.
[29] 陆云松. 低温等离子体朗缪探针诊断电路研究[D]. 沈阳:东北大学,2008. LU Yuansong. Study of the Langmuir probe diagnostic circuit for the low-temperature plasma[D]. Shenyang:Northeastern University,2008.
[30] FANARA C,VILARINHO L. Electrical characterization of atmospheric pressure arc plasmas[J]. The European Physical Journal D,2004,28(2):241-251.
[31] 李渊博. 绝缘片约束TIG电弧的静电探针分析及其在超窄间隙中的加热特性[D]. 兰州:兰州理工大学,2013. LI Yuanbo. The analysis of constricted TIG arc by insulating plate with electrostatic probe and arc heating characteristic in ultra-narrow gap[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou University of Technology,2013.
[32] 易小林. 等离子弧焊中等离子云检测机理与模糊控制的研究[D]. 天津:天津大学,2002. YI Xiaolin. Theory of the detection of plasma cloud and fuzzy control in plasma arc welding[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2002.
[33] ZHANG Y M,ZHANG S B,LIU Y C. A Plasma cloud charge sensor for pulse keyhole process control. Measurement Science and Technology,2001,12:1-6.
[34] 林杏全,陈武秀. 纹影法及其应用[J]. 华中师范大学学报,1980(1):45-51. LIN Xingquan,CHEN Wuxiu. The schlieren method and application[J]. Journal of Central China Normal University,1980(1):45-51.
[35] 黄瑞,胡治华,陈恺. 激光焊接保护气体流态的纹影法研究[J]. 焊接技术,2007(2):8-11,79. HUANG Rui,HU Zhihua,CHEN Kai. The study of laser welding shielded gas by schlieren[J]. Welding Technology,2007(2):8-11,79.
[36] MCCLURE J C,HOU H R. A study of gas flow pattern,undercutting and torch modification in variable polarity plasma arc welding[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,1994,164:67-73.
[37] SIEWERT E,WILHELM G,HÄSSLER M,et al. Visualization of gas flows in welding arcs by the schlieren measuring technique:The influence of typical welding parameters on the gas flow for the GTAW,GMAW,and PAW processes is demonstrated using the high-speed schlieren technique[J]. Welding Journal,2014(Suppl.):1-5.
[38] 薛海涛,李桓,李俊岳,等. 电弧等离子体折射率的理论计算[J]. 机械工程学报,2004,40(8):49-53. XUE Haitao,LI Huan,LI Junyue,et al. Theoretic calculation of arc plasma refractive index[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2004,40(8):49-53.
[39] 李俊岳,李益山. 电弧等离子体的单波长激光平晶干涉诊断[J]. 计量学报,1984(2):124-130. LI Junyue,LI Yishan. Diagnostics of the electric arc plasma by mono-wavelength laser interferometry with optical flat[J]. Acta Metrologica Sinica,1984(2):124-130.
[40] 姚庆泰. 超声辅助焊接电弧等离子体全息干涉研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016. YAO Qingtai. Research on holographic interference of ultrasonic assisted welding arc plasma[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2016.
[41] 陈姬,宗然,武传松,等. TIG-MIG复合焊电弧间相互作用对焊接过程的影响[J]. 机械工程学报,2016,52(6):59-64. CHEN Ji,ZONG Ran,WU Chuansong,et al. Influence of arcs interaction on TIG-MIG hybrid welding process[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(6):59-64.
[42] 陈树君,王建新,蒋凡,等. 空心钨极中心负压电弧基础特性研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2016,52(2):7-12. CHEN Shujun,WANG Jianxin,JIANG Fan,et al. Research of hollow tungsten central negative pressure arc welding characteristic[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(2):7-12.
[43] 丁雪萍,李桓. 焊接电流影响GMAW双丝焊电弧等离子体的数值模拟研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2016,52(16):71-76. DING Xueping,LI Huan. Numerical analysis for effect of welding current on arc plasma in double-wire GMAW[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2016,52(16):71-76.
Outlines

/