The gear transmission is advancing towards high speed, heavy load and high precision. The requirements for the dynamic performance of gear system are urgently proposed. The particle damping dissipates mechanical system energy through inelastic collisions and friction between particles. It is an effective and simple measure for vibration reduction. It has many advantages, such as isotropy, high temperature resistance and less modification to the original structure. This paper has conducted the prestressed modal analysis of gear system by the finite element method. Based on the dynamics analysis of gear system, the effect of single tooth and double teeth meshing incentive on gear transmission has been analyzed. The energy dissipation model of particle damping for gear transmission in centrifugal field has been established. By contrasting theoretical analysis and the test, the effect of damper configuration on dynamic characteristic of gear transmission system is analyzed. The results show that damper configuration is an important factor of the dynamic characteristic for gear transmission system. Filling a certain number of particles, when the gears static stiffness are similar and the total dampers volume are equal, the more damping hole, the greater the total energy loss. When the damping holes diameter are the same, the more number of damping hole, the smaller the total energy loss. When the damping hole number is the same, the bigger the diameter, the less the total energy loss. Experimental results are consistency with the theoretical analysis. These results can provide guidelines for the application of particle damping in centrifugal field.