In order to analyse the relation between structural strength loading demands of wind turbines and design earthquake intensity,a universal seismic analysis framework has been developed based the open source tool FAST with taking into account the soil structural interaction effect using Wolf method.Three distinct wind turbines (AOC 50 kW,WindPACT 1.5 MW and NREL 5 MW) have been selected as the research objects.The structural dynamic responses of the wind turbines operating in different modes under multiple loadings combined by 101 earthquake excitations and turbulent wind are obtained.The results indicate that earthquake excitation increases the vibration amplitude of tower-top significantly.The fluctuation range of nacelle acceleration of NREL 5MW has been widened around 4.7 times under the influence of an earthquake event with a peak of ground acceleration of 2.14 m/s2.Emergency shutdown is induced.The aerodynamic damping of the rotor decreases rapidly due to pitching to feather resulting in more severe vibration with a larger amplitude.It indicates that the emergency shutdown cannot mitigate the vibration on tower-top of the wind turbine subjected to an earthquake event.The maximum tower-base moment demand increase linearly with the peak of target earthquake acceleration.A novel model of pseudo-spectral acceleration and tower-base moment demand is developed for better estimations of seismic loading demands.The proposed model can estimate the tower-base moment demands more efficiently for the different wind turbines subjected to different earthquakes compared to present models.The findings can be referred for structural design of aseismatic wind turbines.
YANG Yang
,
LI Chun
,
ZHANG Wanfu
,
YUAN Quanyong
. Research on Loading Demands of Structure Design for Aseismatic Wind Turbines[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018
, 54(16)
: 204
-211
.
DOI: 10.3901/JME.2018.16.204
[1] 池志强,夏鸿建,李德源,等. 风力机柔性叶片模态气动阻尼分析方法研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018, 54(2):176-183. CHI Zhiqiang, XIA Hongjian, LI Deyuan, et al. Study on modal aerodynamic damping analysis method for wind turbine blade[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(2):176-183.
[2] 李德源,汪显能,莫文威,等. 动态气动载荷和构件振动对风力机气弹特性的影响分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2016, 52(14):165-173. LI Deyuan, WANG Xianneng, MO Wenwei, et al. Analysis on the influence of dynamic aerodynamic loads and component vibration of wind turbine on aeroelastic[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 52(14):165-173.
[3] BUTT U A, ISHIHARA T. Seismic load evaluation of wind turbine support structures considering low structural damping and soil structure interaction[C/CD]//European wind energy association annual event,2012,Copenhagen, Denmark.
[4] ISHIHARA T, SARWAR M W. Numerical and theoretical study on seismic response of wind turbines[C/CD]//European wind energy conference and exhibition, 2008, Brussels, Belgium.
[5] DAI Kaoshan, HUANG Yichao, GONG Changqing, et al. Rapid seismic analysis methodology for in-service wind turbine towers[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, 2015, 14(3):539-548.
[6] WITCHER D. Seismic analysis of wind turbines in the time domain[J]. Wind Energy, 2005, 8(1):81-91.
[7] WANG Xuefei, YANG Xu, ZENG Xiangwu. Seismic centrifuge modelling of suction bucket foundation for offshore wind turbine[J]. Renewable Energy, 2017, 114:1013-1022.
[8] ZHENG X Y, LI H, RONG W, et al. Joint earthquake and wave action on the monopile wind turbine foundation:An experimental study[J]. Marine Structures, 2015, 44:125-141.
[9] 贺广零. 考虑土-结构相互作用的风力发电高塔系统地震动力响应分析[J]. 机械工程学报, 2009, 45(7):87-94. HE Guangling. Seismic response analysis of wind turbine tower systems considering soil-structure interaction[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2009, 45(7):87-94.
[10] KEMAL H. Stochastic seismic response analysis of offshore wind turbine including fluid-structure-soil interaction[J]. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings, 2012, 21(12):867-878.
[11] SANTANGELO F, FAILLA G, SANTINI A, et al. Time-domain uncoupled analyses for seismic assessment of land-based wind turbines[J]. Engineering Structures, 2016, 123:275-299.
[12] KATSANOS E I, SANZ A A, GEORGAKIS C T, et al. Multi-hazard response analysis of a 5MW offshore wind turbine[J]. Procedia Engineering, 2017, 199:3206-3211.
[13] 杨阳,李春,袁全勇. 5 MW风力机地震工况塔架动力学响应研究[J]. 动力工程学报, 2017, 37(11):938-944. YANG Yang, LI Chun, YUAN Quanyong. Research on dynamic response of a 5 MW wind turbine tower on seismic conditions[J]. Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering, 2017, 37(11):938-944.
[14] YANG Yang, YE Kehua, LI Chun, et al. Dynamic behavior of wind turbines influenced by aerodynamic damping and earthquake intensity[J]. Wind Energy, 2018, 21(3):511-527.
[15] 杨阳,李春,缪维跑,等. 湍流风场与地震激励联合作用下的风力机结构动力学响应[J]. 振动与冲击, 2015, 34(21):136-143. YANG Yang, LI Chun, MIAO Weipao, et al. Response of structural dynamic characteristics of wind turbine operating in turbulent wind combined with seismic motion[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2015, 34(21):136-143.
[16] ASAREH M A, SCHONBERG W, VOLZ J. Effects of seismic and aerodynamic load interaction on structural dynamic response of multi-megawatt utility scale horizontal axis wind turbines[J]. Renewable Energy, 2016, 86:49-58.
[17] JONKMAN J M, BUHL Jr M L. FAST user's guide[J]. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Technical Report No. NREL/EL-500-38230, 2005.
[18] WOLF J P. Spring-dashpot-mass models for foundation vibrations[J]. Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 1997, 26(9):931-949.
[19] LAINO D J, HANSEN A C. User's guide to the wind turbine aerodynamics computer software AeroDyn[R]. Prepared for NREL Under Subcontract, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Technical Report No. TCX-9-29209-01, 2002.
[20] ATIK L, ABRAHAMSON N. An improved method for nonstationary spectral matching[J]. Earthquake Spectra, 2010, 26(3):601-617.
[21] JONKMAN B J, BUHL M L. Turbsim user's guide[J]. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Technical Report No. NREL/EL-500-36970, 2004.
[22] PROWELL I. An experimental and numerical study of wind turbine seismic behavior[D]. San Diego:University of California, 2011.
[23] International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC 61400-3 Wind Turbine-Part3:Design requirements for offshore wind turbines.1st editon[S]. Geneva, Switzerland:IEC, 2005.
[24] International Code Council. International Building Code 2006[S]. Illinois, USA:ICCI, 2006.
