Reasonable load sets for design assessment is a basis of assuring correct estimation on design and manufacturing quality with an expected reliability level. Possible load sets are synthetically formulated, respectively, from the regular load sets for bearing probabilistic rating life estimation and rig test by codes AAR M 934 and EN 12082, the wheelset load sets for wheel/axle design fatigue strength check by codes EN 13979-1/EN 13103/EN 13104 and JIS E 4501. Bearing capacity and probabilistic rating life L10 estimations are coded by ISO 281. Effects of the possible load sets are compared through application to the journal bearing of a freight car with 37.5 t axle weigh. Results reveal that the possible load sets are not consistency each other. The probabilistic lives are significantly affected by the axial loads. The load sets without axial loads or weak axial loads are invalid. The load set corresponding to the wheelset load set coded by JIS E 4501 may be suitable for the journal/axlebox bearing of wagon and locomotive. The load sets by EN 13103/EN 13104 may be good for passenger car and EMU. And the load set by EN 12082 may be well strictly applied for bearing rig tests in a limited time regime.