Based on computational fluid dynamics and sliding mesh technology,the train-induced aerodynamic impulse pressure waves beside the track are numerical simulated. The calculation model of impulse pressure waves beside the track is established,and the suitable calculation mesh is chosen through mesh independent tests. Characteristics of impulse pressure waves are analyzed. The effect of the impulse pressure waves on four different types of railway infrastructures is analyzed. Four types of the railway infrastructures are flat ground,single-track embankment,double-track embankment and double-track bridge,respectively. Results show thet peak to-peak pressure value caused bythe passage of the train nose is larger than that caused by the passage of the train trail. The peak-to-peak pressure value caused by a passage of the flat ground is largest,and that caused by a passage of the double-track bridge is smallest. Finally,the changing regularity of impulse pressure waves is analyzed. The peak-to-peak pressure value at the trackside is negative exponential proportional to the lateral distance. Besides,the peak-to-peak pressure coefficient values caused by the passage of a train with different running speeds are almost consistent.