针对电动汽车动力电池在充放电工作过程中由于热量聚集而导致的温度场非均匀性问题,采用数值仿真与试验相结合的方法,基于电池内阻温升特性,考虑耦合正负极耳的热影响,建立生热速率的时变内热源模型,获得更加精确的电池温度场分布及其动态变化规律,并深入进行温度一致性分析。以某车用锂离子动力电池为样本,对电池单体及模块分别进行温升计算和三维温度场分析及相应的测试试验。结果表明：同一充/放电倍率下,放电温升明显大于充电温升,且电池最大温差随着倍率的增大而增大;电池的温升是一个随时间先增大后恒定的非线性变化过程,且随着放电倍率的增大电池温升速率越大;电池模块温度场并非电池单体温度场的简单叠加,且在相同充放电倍率下电池模块的热一致性不如电池单体。
To research the non-uniform temperature field of power battery for electric vehicle during charge/discharge operation, using the method combining numerical simulation and experiment, based on the characteristic of temperature-rise in battery caused by its internal resistance, coupling thermal effect of anode and cathode, the time-varying heat source model is established to obtain more accurate and dynamic changing distribution of battery temperature field. A lithium-ion power battery for vehicle is taken as a sample, three-dimensional temperature field and temperature rise calculation of battery cell and module are analyzed, and the corresponding experiments are taken. Results show that, the temperature rise of discharging significantly greater than that of charging at the same charge/discharge rate, and the maximum temperature difference of cell increases with the rising of rate; The temperature rise of the battery is a nonlinear process that first increases then becomes constant varying with the time, and is higher with the increase of discharge rates; The temperature field of battery module is not a simple superposition with the temperature field of battery cells, and the thermal consistency of battery module is not as good as that of battery cell under the same charge/discharge rate.
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