射频识别技术(Radio frequency identification, RFID)在制造过程跟踪中得到了广泛应用。目前RFID的应用研究仅适用于具体的场景，缺乏通用性的建模和形式化的描述方法。针对上述问题，提出一种基于RFID的过程跟踪形式化图式推演建模方法。通过对广义单工序活动进行多粒度分解，形成单工序作动时序单元模型；在此基础上，定义四种通用的RFID探测模式并建立图式状态block模型，构建图式描述的单工序RFID过程跟踪监控时序流；借助Gantt图分析广义单工序作动时序单元的“串联-并联-条件”连接，建立多工序RFID过程跟踪模型，为生产、物流、库存等的全过程跟踪提供依据。以机加工车间高价值刀具流转过程、Job-shop零件加工过程以及零件外协加工过程的跟踪三个应用场景为例，验证了该模型方法的可行性和通用性。

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has been widely applied in manufacturing process tracking. But the existing RFID models can only adapt to the separate scenes and lack of universal modeling methods. An RFID-based graphical formalized deduction method is proposed for process tracking. Operation sequence unit (OSU) of single process is built by multi-granularity process decomposition. Four kinds of RFID detecting mode and their state block model are described. By deploying state blocks to the OSUs, the graphical RFID process tracking flow for a single process (SPTF) is formed. Based on that, through series/parallel/alternative connection of SPTFs, the graphical RFID process tracking flow for multi-processes is built. Finally, three application cases are discussed to verify the feasibility and universality of the proposed models and methods, including cutting-tool turning process tracking, part machining process tracking in a job-shop and the cross-enterprise part outsourcing production tracking.