针对采煤机截割机电传动系统动载荷大易于损坏的特点,提出一个行星齿轮变速过程扭转动力学模型,建立包含电动机、齿轮传动系统和滚筒的采煤机截割机电传动系统动力学模型,并对冲击载荷下采煤机截割机电传动系统的动力学特性进行仿真,研究电动机-齿轮传动系统的连接刚度和阻尼以及齿轮啮合刚度对采煤机截割机电传动系统动力学特性的影响,最后提出了减小采煤机截割部机电传动系统的动态啮合力冲击的方法,以减少采煤机截割传动系统的破坏。啮合冲击力可以分成两类：时变啮合刚度引起的啮合冲击力和冲击负载引起的啮合冲击力。可以通过减少啮合刚度的变化(比如采用人字齿轮)来降低时变啮合刚度引起的动态啮合力冲击;选取合适的电动机-齿轮传动系统连接阻尼和较小的电动机-齿轮传动系统连接刚度来减小冲击负载引起的动态啮合力冲击。
A torsional dynamic model of variable speed process for planetary gears is proposed. A dynamic model for the cutting electromechanical transmission system in long-wall shearers is proposed which including the electric motor, gear transmission system, and shearer drum. It is investigated how the dynamic characteristics of the cutting electromechanical transmission system are affected by the stiffness and damping of the connection between the electric motor and the gear transmission system as well as the meshing stiffness. The methods are proposed to reduce the meshing shock force. The meshing shock force can be grouped into two categories the meshing shock force cause by the time-varying meshing stiffness and the meshing shock force cause by the shock load. The meshing shock force cause by the time-varying meshing stiffness can be reduced by decrease the fluctuation of the meshing stiffness, for example, herringbone gears. The meshing shock force caused by the shock load can be reduced by choosing optimal damping and smaller stiffness of the connection between the electric motor and gear transmission.
[1] BILGIN N,DEMIRCIN M A,COPUR H,et al. Dominant rock properties affecting the performance of conical picks and the comparison of some experimental and theoretical results[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2006,43(1)：139-156.
[2] 赵丽娟,何景强,许军,等. 截齿排列方式对薄煤层采煤机载荷的影响[J]. 煤炭学报,2011,36(8)：1401-1406.
ZHAO Lijuan,HE Jingqiang,XU Jun,et al. Effect of pick arrangement on the load of shearer in the thin coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(8)：1401-1406.
[3] 林江,楼建勇. 斜齿圆柱齿轮传动系统动力学模型及动特性试验研究[J]. 机械工程学报,2003,39(7)：29-33.
LIN Jiang,LOU Jianyong. Study on dynamic models and behavior of power transmission helical gear[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,39(7)：29-33.
[4] ZHOU S,SONG G,REN Z,et al. Nonlinear dynamic analysis of coupled gear-rotor-bearing system with the effect of internal and external excitations[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,28(6)：1-12.
[5] LI H,YAN Q,XIANG C,et al. Analysis method and principle of dual-mode electro-mechanical variable transmission program[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,25(3)：524-529.
[6] 周久华,米林. 采煤机摇臂齿轮箱故障与可靠性分析[J]. 神华科技,2011,9(3)：39-41.
ZHOU Jiuhua,MI Lin. Ranging arm gearbox fault analysis of shearer and its reliability analysis[J]. Shenhua Science and Technology,2011,9(3)：39-41.
[7] 赵丽娟,董萌萌. 含硫化铁结核薄煤层采煤机工作机构载荷问题[J]. 煤炭学报,2009,34(6)：840-844.
ZHAO Lijuan,DONG Mengmeng. Load problems of working mechanism of the shearer in containing pyrites and thin coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(6)：840-844.
[8] KAHRAMAN A. Natural modes of planetary gear trains[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,1994,173(1)：125-130.
[9] LIN J,PARKER R G. Analytical characterization of the unique properties of planetary gear free vibration[J]. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,1999,121(3)：316.
[10] GUO Y,PARKER R G. Dynamic modeling and analysis of a spur planetary gear involving tooth wedging and bearing clearance nonlinearity[J]. European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids,2010,29(6)：1022-1033.
[11] 秦大同,龙威,杨军,等. 变风速运行控制下风电传动系统的动态特性[J]. 机械工程学报,2012,48(7)：1-8.
QIN Datong,LONG Wei,YANG Jun,et al. Dynamic characteristics of wind turbine transmission system under varying wind speed and operation control conditions[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,48(7)：1-8.
[12] KIM W,LEE J Y,CHUNG J. Dynamic analysis for a planetary gear with time-varying pressure angles and contact ratios[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2012,331(4)：883-901.
[13] LIU C,QIN D,LIM T C,et al. Dynamic characteristics of the herringbone planetary gear set during the variable speed process[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2014,333(24)：6498-6515.
[14] LIU C,QIN D,LIAO Y. Dynamic model of variable speed process for herringbone gears including friction calculated by variable friction coefficient[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design,2014,136(4)：41006.
[15] 刘长钊,秦大同,廖映华. 考虑齿面变摩擦系数的斜齿轮传动变速过程动力学分析[J]. 振动与冲击,2014,33(24)：150-157.
LIU Changzhao,QIN Datong,LIAO Yinghua. Dynamic model for a parallel-axis helical gears transmission system based on variable friction coefficient between contact teeth[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock,2014,33(24)：150-157.
