提出一种磁流变阻尼器模型参数识别新方法，该方法不需模型参数的任何先验知识，能够评估各参数对输出阻尼力的影响大小，从而选择最佳的阻尼力调控参数。利用试验台获取磁流变阻尼器在多种激励幅值、频率和电流作用下的阻尼力。针对Bouc-Wen模型表达式搭建Simulink计算模型，以仿真值与试验值之间的误差作为目标函数，通过遗传算法和模式搜索算法对模型参数进行识别。综合评估各参数对模型输出阻尼力的影响大小，从而确定最佳的阻尼力调控参数，并利用曲线拟合工具箱确定阻尼力调控参数与电流之间的函数关系。根据调控参数的电流函数对原有Simulink模型进行扩展，最终识别出全部未知参数。采用多种幅值和频率激励下的试验数据对模型进行验证，表明该模型识别结果正确，可准确刻画磁流变阻尼器物理元件的滞回特性。该方法不限于所使用的Bouc-Wen模型，可广泛用于磁流变阻尼器的其他力学模型的参数识别。
A new method of parameters identification to magnetorheological(MR) dampers is proposed. By using the new method, all unknown parameters are estimated about the influence on output damping force of models, then the best controlling parameters are chosen without any prior knowledge about these parameters. A series damping force values of MR dampers are measured through experiments on test rig, when the excitation amplitude, frequency and current are chosen as various values. The model of Bouc-Wen is built in Simulink software, and the objective function is set as the error between simulation and experiment results. The parameters of MR damper model is identified by using genetic algorithm(GA) and pattern search(PS). The controlling parameters of damping force are chosen according to their effect on damping force, and the function between controlling parameters and current values are calculated by using Curve Fitting Toolbox. The above model is expanded according to the curve fitting results, and all unknown parameters are identified. The identification results are confirmed by experiment results to various excitation amplitude and frequency. The comparison results show that the model identification is correct, and the hysteresis characteristic of MR dampers is described. At last, the identification method proposed in this paper can be used not only in Bouc-Wen model, but also in other models of MR dampers.
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