油井套管横向裂缝是可能导致套管断裂的严重危害性缺陷。通过有限元仿真与实际试验，研究利用脉冲涡流检测技术使用横向探头通过油管检测套管的横向裂缝缺陷的问题。仿真给出不同检测方式的管道涡流分布、磁场分布及其变化，以及接收线圈的电压。从仿真结果可观察出，套管壁涡流最强的区域并非横向探头正对的区域，而是平行于横向探头轴线的区域。横向裂缝平行于横向探头轴线时对涡流场的扰动最大。磁场的分布及其变化规律与涡流场情况类同。据此可解释为何横向探头轴线平行于横向裂缝时检测灵敏度会高于横向探头轴线垂直于横向裂缝时。实际的检测试验结果与仿真结果一致，并且显示了实际检测中横向探头轴线平行于横向裂缝时的检测灵敏度显著高于垂直于裂缝时。

Transverse cracks are great menace to casing safety due to their high probability to cause fracture. Transverse crack detection in casing through tubing with transverse probe using pulsed eddy current method is studied by finite element simulations and experiments. Distributions and variations of the eddy currents and magnetic fields in pipes and voltages of the receiving coil in different detection setups are given in the simulations. Simulation results show that highest eddy current intensity in casing wall does not appear in the zone which the transverse probe directly faces against but the zone which the axis of the transverse probe is parallel to. The greatest disturbance in the eddy current distribution is caused when the crack is parallel to the axis of the transverse probe. The properties of the magnetic field in the pipe are similar to those of the eddy current field. Thus it is explained why higher detection sensitivity is obtained when the axis of the transverse probe is parallel to the transverse crack rather than perpendicular to the crack. The experimental results agree well with the simulations and show that the detection sensitivity of the transverse probe to transverse crack is much higher when the axis of the probe is parallel to the crack than perpendicular to the crack.