五轴数控机床空间定位精度受机床静、动态误差的综合作用，是影响工件加工质量的重要指标。综述了基于不同误差源数值特征描述的几种主流误差建模方法，分析与建模方法对应的几种误差灵敏度分析方法的特点。根据五轴数控机床的构成，分别对平动轴和转动轴的误差检测和误差辨识方法进行了综述和分析。根据动、静态误差类型的不同，总结了现有几种主要误差补偿方法的特点。最终，综合误差建模、误差灵敏度分析、误差检测和辨识以及误差补偿五个方面，系统性地分析了现有五轴数控机床空间定位精度改善方法中尚需解决的问题，探讨了五轴数控机床空间定位精度改善方法未来的发展方向。

The volumetric positioning accuracy of five-axis machine tools affected by both static and dynamic error sources is an important performance index that can badly influence the machining quality of work pieces. According to the different descriptions of the numerical characteristics of error sources,the mainly used error modeling methods and the corresponding error sensitivity analysis methods are summarized. The error measurement and identification methods of linear axes and rotation axes are respectively summarized and illustrated. Then,based on different kinds of error sources,the mainly used error compensation methods are also demonstrated. The existing deficiencies in volumetric positioning accuracy improvement methods for five-axis machine tools are discussed in five different aspects,including error modeling,error sensitivity analysis,error measurement,error identification and error compensation. Finally,the development direction of the volumetric positioning accuracy improvement methods are also analyzed based on the overview.