为解决液压系统中由于压力脉动引起的振动和噪声问题,从仿生学角度出发,根据人耳听觉形成过程及耳蜗基底膜的宽频振动响应特征,研究耳蜗基底膜振动的“空间-频率”特性,提出一种仿耳蜗基底膜振动特性的液压脉动抑制方法。设计一种以仿生膜片为共振体的结构紧凑灵巧的液压脉动衰减器,克服了传统液压脉动衰减器结构复杂、体积庞大的缺点。基于流固耦合原理,分析仿生膜片在压力流体中的振动特性;结合管路动态特性,建立脉动衰减器的传递矩阵模型,用插入损失对脉动衰减性能进行评价;通过脉动衰减器样机的试验检验其滤波减振性能。理论和试验结果表明该液压脉动衰减器能够有效衰减液压系统有效频率的压力脉动,并且在较宽频带内有较好的滤波效果,实现了广谱滤波。
In order to solve the problem of vibration and noise caused by the pressure fluctuation in hydraulic systems, a hydraulic pulsation suppression method based on bionic principle of basilar membrane of cochlea is proposed. According to the “space-frequency map” of basilar membrane, a new hydraulic pulsation attenuator with bionic membrane structure is designed, which simulate the characteristics of vibration of basilar membrane. So, the shortcoming of bulkiness of traditional pulsation attenuator is overcome successfully. Based on the theory of fluid-solid coupling, the vibration characteristics of bionic membrane in the pressure fluid are analyzed. Combining the dynamic characteristics of the pipeline, the transfer matrix model of the pulsation attenuator is derived and the pulsation attenuation function is simulated to evaluate the filtering characteristics. Experimental study of the attenuator prototype is carried out. The theoretical and experimental results indicate that the attenuator is very effective in hydraulic pulsation attenuation with broad frequency band.
[1] 李树立,焦宗夏. 液压流体脉动主动控制研究现状与展望[J]. 机床与液压,2006(9)：243-246.
LI Shuli,JIAO Zongxia. Research actuality and prospect of active control of hydraulic fluid fuctuation[J]. Machine Tool and Hydraulics,2006(9)：243-246.
[2] 罗志昌. 流体网络理论[M]. 北京：机械工业出版社,1988.
LUO Zhichang. Fluid network theory[M]. Beijing：China Machine Press,1988.
[3] 曾祥荣. 液压噪声控制[M]. 哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1988.
ZENG Xiangrong. Noise control of hydraulic system[M]. Harbin：Harbin Institute of Technology Press,1988.
[4] KELA L. Attenuating amplitude of pulsating pressure in a low pressure hydraulic system by an adaptive Helmholtzresonator[R]. Oulun：Acta Universitatis Ouluensis,2010.
[5] GUAN Changbin,JIAO Zongxia. Modeling and optimal design of 3 degrees of freedom Helmholtz resonator in hydraulic system[J]. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics,2012,25：776-783.
[6] MIKOTA J. A novel,compact pulsation compensator to reduce pressure pulsations in hydraulic systems[C/CD]//Proceedings of Icanov-International Conference on Acoustics,Noise and Vibration,Ottawa,Canada,August,2001.
[7] 贺尚红,王雪芝,何志勇,等. 薄板振动式液压脉动衰减器滤波特性[J]. 机械工程学报,2013,49(3)：148-153.
HE Shanghong,WANG Xuezhi,HE Zhiyong,et al. Filtering properties of thin plate hydraulic pulsation attenuator[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(3)：148-153.
[8] 黄鹤年. 现代耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学[M]. 上海：复旦大学出版社,2003.
HUANG Henian. Modern ENT head and neck surgery[M]. Shanghai：Fudan University Press,2003.
[9] 苏尔皇. 管道动态分析及液流数值计算方法[M]. 哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1985.
SU Erhuang. Tubing system dynamic analysis and fluid numerical computation method[M]. Harbin：Harbin Institute of Technology Press,1985.
[10] 郝亚娟,白象忠. ULE法求解横向绕流条件下固支弹性薄板[J]. 工程力学,2009,26(11)：17-22.
HAO Yajuan,BAI Xiangzhong. ULE method for clamped-clamped thin elastic plate in coss flow[J]. Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(11)：17-22.
[11] 章寅,于俊,黎申. 压力脉动衰减器的仿真与实验研究[J]. 液压与气动,2011(6)：57-50.
ZHANG Yin,YU Jun,LI Shen. Experimental research and CFD simulation of pressure pulsation attenuator[J]. Chinese Hydraulics and Pneumatics,2011(6)：47-50.
