加速退化试验广泛用于退化失效型产品的可靠性评估，为提高试验效费比，加速退化试验的优化设计理论与方法成为了研究热点。为进一步推动相关理论与方法发展，以Wiener退化模型及步进温度应力加速退化试验为具体背景，提出基于加速因子不变原则的加速退化试验优化设计方法。根据加速因子不变原则推导Wiener退化模型的各参数是否与加速应力相关，从而客观建立加速退化模型并得到加速因子的解析式；为使产品在加速应力下的失效机理与额定应力下的失效机理尽可能一致，推导出加速因子的渐进方差并将其作为优化目标函数构建试验方案优化的数学模型。提出包含3个连续步骤的组合算法解析数学模型，并将算法程序化以提高解析效率。通过某型电连接器加速退化试验优化的实例应用，验证了所提方法的有效性与可行性。
Accelerated degradation test has been extensively applied to reliability assessment for degrading-failure products. To improve the efficiency-cost ratio, the optimal design theory and method of accelerated degradation test becomes a research hot. In order to promote the development of relative theory and method, the optimal design of accelerated degradation test based on acceleration factor constant principle, in which Wiener degradation model and step-temperature accelerated degradation test are considered, is proposed. Whether the parameters of Wiener degradation model are dependent on accelerated stress or not is derived according to the acceleration factor constant principle. Thus the accelerated degradation model is objectively constructed and the expression of acceleration factor is got. Furthermore, in order to ensure that the failure mechanism under accelerated stresses is probably consistent with that under the normal use stresses, the asymptotic variance of acceleration factor, which is selected to be the objective function of optimization, is then derived to set up a mathematical model of test plan. A combined algorithm consisting of 3 sequent steps is developed to resolve the mathematical model, and the algorithm is actualized by programs to improve the solving efficient. Through a case application of optimal design for the accelerated degradation test of a certain type electrical connector, the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method is validated.
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