针对一种应用连杆弹簧负刚度结构所设计的正负刚度并联扭转隔振器，通过分析其设计参数，得到了其在静平衡位置达到准零刚度的条件。针对所述系统，建立二自由度非线性动力学微分方程，应用谐波平衡法求解了准零刚度隔振器的振动响应。考虑激励幅值、系统阻尼和转动惯量等因素，从扭转振动力矩传递和扭转振动功率流传递两个角度分析了准零刚度隔振系统的非线性振动传递特性。结果表明，此隔振系统具有良好的低频隔振效果，且表现为振动传递的硬特性；从功率流角度的分析还表明，系统的瞬时传递功率流峰值与输入功率流和耗散功率流的变化趋势保持一致。在低于共振区域的低频区间内，隔振系统前后两端的转动惯量对系统振动具有较大影响。最后，对扭转隔振器的振动隔离特性进行了试验验证，试验结果表明，隔振器具有良好的低频振动隔离特性。
A torsional isolator with negative stiffness structures is proposed and the quasi-zero stiffness characteristic is got by analyzing the design parameters of this isolation system. The two-degree freedoms dynamic model is built and the harmonic balance method is employed to solve for the dynamic response of the system. Considering the influence of amplitude, damping, and rotational inertia of the isolation system, the torque transmission and vibration power flow characteristics are investigated to examine the performance of this nonlinear isolator. The results show that this torsional isolator has good low-frequency isolation performance and hardening stiffness nonlinearity. From the analysis of the power flow behavior, the results show that there has a good correlation between input power flow, dissipated power flow and instantaneous transmitted power flow. Rotational inertia has great influence to the vibration performance of system in the low frequency away from the peak frequency regions. Finally, the vibration isolation characteristics of the torsional vibration isolator are tested. The experiment results show that the isolator has good isolation characteristics of low frequency vibration.
[1] 胡海岩. 机械振动基础[M]. 北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2005. HU Haiyan. Basic of mechanical vibration[M]. Beijing:Beihang University Press,2005.
[2] IBRAHIM R A. Recent advances in nonlinear passive vibration isolators[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration 2008,314(3-5):371-452.
[3] LIU C C,JING X J,DALEY S,et al. Recent advances in micro-vibration isolation[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2015,56(57):55-80.
[4] CARRELLA A,BRENNAN M J,WATERS T P. Static analysis of a passive vibration isolator with quasi-zero-stiffness characteristic[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2007,301(3-5):678-689.
[5] CARRELLA A,BRENNAN M J,WATERS T P,et al. Force and displacement transmissibility of a nonlinear isolator with high-static-low-dynamic-stiffness[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 2012,55(1):22-29.
[6] HUANG X C,·LIU X T,SUN J Y,et al. Effect of the system imperfections on the dynamic response of a high-static-low-dynamic stiffness vibration isolator[J]. Nonlinear Dynamics,2014,76(2):1157-1167.
[7] 刘兴天,黄修长,张志谊,等. 激励幅值及载荷对准零刚度隔振器特性的影响[J]. 机械工程学报,2013,49(6):89-94. LIU Xingtian,HUANG Xiuchang,ZHANG Zhiyi,et al. Influence of excitation amplitude and load on the characteristics of quasi-zero stiffness isolator[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(6):89-94.
[8] ZHOU J X,XU D L,BISHOP S. A torsion quasi-zero stiffness vibration isolator[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2015,338:121-133.
[9] 项昌乐,李华,刘辉. 正负刚度并联半主动扭振减振器减振特性的研究[J]. 汽车工程,2015,37(4):430-435. XIANG Changle,LI Hua,LIU Hui,A Study on the damping characteristics of semi-active torsional damper with combined positive and negative stiffness in parallel[J]. Automotive Engineering,2015,37(4):430-435.
[10] 刘辉,王晓杰,项昌乐. 正负刚度并联扭转减振器动力学特性及实验研究[J]. 汽车工程,2016,38(12):1483-1487. LIU Hui,WANG Xiaojie,XIANG Changle. Dynamic and experiment of a torsional vibration damper with negative stiffness structures[J]. Automotive Engineering,2016,38(12):1483-1487.
[11] 朱石坚,楼京俊,何其伟,等. 振动理论与隔振技术[M].北京:国防工业出版社,2008. ZHU Shijian,LOU Jingjun,HE Qiwei,et al. Vibration theory and vibration isolation technology[M]. Beijing:National Defence Industry Press,2008.
[12] 宋孔杰,张蔚波,牛军川. 功率流理论在柔性振动控制技术中的应用与发展[J]. 机械工程学报,2003,39(9):23-28. SONG Kongjie,ZHANG Weibo,NIU Junchuan. Application and development of power flow theories in the field of the vibration control for flexible systems[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2003,39(9):23-28.
[13] 肖斌,李彪,夏春燕,等. 基于功率流法双层隔振系统振动传递[J]. 机械工程学报,2011,47(5):106-113. XIAO Bin,LI Biao,XIA Chunyan,et al. Power flow method used to vibration transmission for two-stage vibration isolation system[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2011,47(5):106-113.
[14] 王晓乐,孙玲玲,高阳,等. 圆柱壳体基础隔振系统导纳功率流特性[J]. 机械工程学报,2015,51(11):48-55. WANG Xiaole,SUN Lingling,GAO Yang,et al. Mobility power flow analysis of vibration isolation system with a circular cylindrical shell foundation[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2015,51(11):48-55.
[15] YANG J,XIONG Y P,XING J T. Dynamics and power flow behavior of a nonlinear vibration isolation system with a negative stiffness mechanism[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration,2013,332(1):167-183.
[16] YANG J,XIONG Y P,XING J T. Nonlinear power flow analysis of the duffing oscillator[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2014,45:563-578.
[17] YANG J,XIONG Y P,XING J T. Vibration power flow and force transmission behavior of a nonlinear isolator mounted on a nonlinear base[J]. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2016,115(116):238-252.
[18] 严济宽. 机械振动隔离技术[M]. 上海:上海科学技术文献出版社,1986. YAN Jikuan. Mechanical vibration isolation[M]. Shanghai:Science and Technology Documents Press of Shanghai,1986.
