3D打印机送丝机构和喷嘴协同优化研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3881.2023.13.005

PDF(16757 KB)

机床与液压 ›› 2023, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (13) : 27-33. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3881.2023.13.005

扫码查看或转发全文

试验与研究

3D打印机送丝机构和喷嘴协同优化研究

周石林^1,2, 张秀芬^1,2

作者信息 +

Collaborative Optimization of Wire Feeding Mechanism and Nozzle for 3D Printer

ZHOU Shilin^1,2, ZHANG Xiufen^1,2

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

为提高3D打印机出丝的连续性与稳定性，提出送丝机构和喷嘴协同优化方法，克服了已有的打印机喷嘴和送丝机构单独优化而忽略两者之间耦合效应的不足。以喷嘴加热段长度、散热段长度、出口长度、送丝速度为优化参数，以喷嘴截面平均速度和平均温度为优化目标，设计正交试验，进行流体仿真。为快速得到最优方案，基于神经网络与NSGA-Ⅱ算法进行优化分析，结果表明：加热段长度为6 mm、散热段长度为4 mm、出口长度为0.7 mm、送丝速度为4.5 mm/s时，最大喷嘴截面平均速度为78 mm/s，最大平均温度为208.39 ℃，最大平均速度提高2.6%，最大平均温度提高1.22%。以最佳工艺参数组合进行流体仿真验证，结果表明：喷嘴截面平均速度与温度确实明显提高。

Abstract

In order to improve the continuity and stability of 3D printer wire,a collaborative optimization method of wire feeding mechanism and nozzle was proposed,which overcome the deficiency that the nozzle and wire feeding mechanism of printer are optimized separately while the coupling effect between them is ignored.Taking the heating section length,the cooling section length,the outlet length and the wire feeding speed as the optimization parameters,and taking the average velocity and average temperature of the nozzle section as the optimization objectives,the orthogonal test was designed and the fluid simulation was carried out.In order to quickly obtain the optimal scheme,neural network and NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm were used to optimize the analysis. The results show that when the heating section length is 6 mm,the cooling section length is 4 mm,the outlet length is 0.7 mm,and the wire feeding speed is 4.5 mm/s,the maximum average velocity of the nozzle section is 78 mm/s,and the maximum average temperature is 208.39 ℃.The maximum average speed and maximum average temperature are increased by 2.6% and 1.22% respectively.Finally,fluid simulation was carried out by using the optimized combination of process parameters. The results show that the average velocity and temperature of nozzle section are obviously improved.

导出引用

周石林, 张秀芬. 3D打印机送丝机构和喷嘴协同优化研究[J]. 机床与液压, 2023, 51(13): 27-33 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-3881.2023.13.005

ZHOU Shilin, ZHANG Xiufen. Collaborative Optimization of Wire Feeding Mechanism and Nozzle for 3D Printer[J]. Machine Tool & Hydraulics, 2023, 51(13): 27-33 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-3881.2023.13.005

参考文献

[1] 秦瑞冰, 乌日开西·艾依提, 滕勇.FDM式3D打印技术研究进展[J].制造技术与机床, 2020(2):40-44. QIN R B, WURIKAIXI A, TENG Y.Recent progress on FDM 3D printing[J].Manufacturing Technology & Machine Tool, 2020(2):40-44.
[2] 任礼, 白海清, 鲍骏, 等.FDM型3D打印机喷嘴多目标优化设计[J].机床与液压, 2022, 50(11):154-160. REN L, BAI H Q, BAO J, et al.Multi-objective optimization design of FDM 3D printer nozzle[J].Machine Tool & Hydraulics, 2022, 50(11):154-160.
[3] 邓文强, 郭润兰, 李典伦, 等.基于熵值法和灰色关联的FDM 3D打印机喷嘴结构优化设计[J].塑料工业, 2020, 48(11):60-65. DENG W Q, GUO R L, LI D L, et al.Optimization design for the nozzle structure of FDM 3D printer based on the entropy method and grey correlation[J].China Plastics Industry, 2020, 48(11):60-65.
[4] LIU H B, ZHENG G M, CHENG X, et al.Simulation analysis of the influence of nozzle structure parameters on material controllability[J].Micromachines, 2020, 11(9):826.
[5] FU J Q, BU L P, ZENG W P, et al.A nozzle structure of wire drawing prevention for 3D printing fused deposition manufacturing[J].Journal of Physics:Conference Series, 2020, 1605(1):012091.
[6] HIKMAT M, ROSTAM S, AHMED Y M.Investigation of tensile property-based Taguchi method of PLA parts fabricated by FDM 3D printing technology[J].Results in Engineering, 2021, 11:100264.
[7] FISCHER D, EßBACH C, SCHÖNHERR R, et al.Improving inner structure and properties of additive manufactured amorphous plastic parts:the effects of extrusion nozzle diameter and layer height[J].Additive Manufacturing, 2022, 51:102596.
[8] JEONG D I, JAIN A, OH D W.Increasing perpendicular alignment in extruded filament by an orifice embedded 3D printing nozzle[J].Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2022, 17(1):1-18.
[9] 张洋.基于FDM技术的3D打印机机械结构设计及控制系统研究[D].长春:长春工业大学, 2017. ZHANG Y.Research on mechanical structure design and control system for the 3D printer based on FDM technology[D].Changchun:Changchun University of Technology, 2017.
[10] 李卫飞, 王贤琳, 陈梦雪, 等.基于Fluent的FDM 3D打印机喷头分析与结构优化[J].机床与液压, 2019, 47(16):129-134. LI W F, WANG X L, CHEN M X, et al.Sprinkler analysis and structure optimization of FDM 3D printer based on Fluent[J].Machine Tool & Hydraulics, 2019, 47(16):129-134.
[11] HERIANTO, ATSANI S I, MASTRISISWADI H.Recycled polypropylene filament for 3D printer:extrusion process parameter optimization[J].IOP Conference Series:Materials Science and Engineering, 2020, 722(1):012022.
[12] 李传帅.基于FDM工艺的3D打印机成型精度研究[D].北京:华北电力大学, 2017. LI C S.Study of 3D printing molding precision bused on fused deposition modeling[D].Beijing:North China Electric Power University, 2017.
[13] 高强, 周敏, 朱黎立, 等.FDM 3D打印机喷嘴流场分析与结构优化[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术, 2018(11):34-37. GAO Q, ZHOU M, ZHU L L, et al.Flow field analysis and structure optimization of FDM 3D printer nozzle[J].Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique, 2018(11):34-37.
[14] 柴宇.基于FDM的快速成型质量分析与研究[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学, 2016. CHAI Y.Analysis and research for quality based on FDM rapid prototyping[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Jianzhu University, 2016.
[15] PANT M, SINGARI R M, ARORA P K, et al.Wear assessment of 3-D printed parts of PLA (polylactic acid) using Taguchi design and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique[J].Materials Research Express, 2020, 7(11):115307.