采用高速摄像采集系统对间隙存在及变化时GMAW摆动电弧立向上焊焊接过程中的熔滴过渡行为实时图像进行采集，分析了熔滴过渡行为对电弧质量和焊接过程的影响，结合电弧质量分析仪采集的焊接电流、电弧电压概率曲线图对试验结果加以验证和补充解释，最后通过有限元数值模拟技术对GMAW立向上焊接过程数值模型进行建立，并对瞬态焊接温度场进行验证和分析. 结果表明，随着间隙的出现及尺寸的增加(0 ~ 4 mm范围内)，GMAW立向上焊熔滴过渡形式由短路过渡向特殊的滴状过渡发展，模拟结果说明GMAW立向上焊热影响区具有较大的温度梯度特性.
The droplet transition behavior of real-time welding process of GMAW swing arc vertical welding was conducted using high-speed video system when gap existed and changed. Analysis of the effect of the droplet transition behavior on the quality of arc are analyzed, and the combination welding process parameters of the current, arc voltage probability curve interpretation collected by arc welding quality analyzer, experimental results have been verified and supplementary explained. Consequently, the mathematical model of the GMAW vertical-welding has been established using the finite element numerical simulation technology. The transient temperature field been verified and analyzed. The results show that, with the increase gap of size (range from 0 to 4 mm), the droplet transition shape of GMAW vertical welding changes from short circuit to special droplet, and the simulation results show that the GMAW vertical welding heat affected zone has larger temperature gradient characteristics.
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