Recently, plug-in hybrid electric bus has been one of the energy-efficient solutions for urban transportation. However, the current vehicle efficiency is far from optimum, because the unpredicted external driving conditions are difficult to be obtained in advance. How to further explore its fuel-saving potential under the complicated city bus driving cycles through an efficient control strategy is still a hot research issue in both academic and engineering area. To realize an efficient coupling driving operation of the hybrid powertrain, a novel coupling driving control strategy for plug-in hybrid electric bus is presented. Combined with the typical feature of a city-bus-route, the fuzzy logic inference is employed to quantify the driving intention, and then to determine the coupling driving mode and the gear-shifting strategy. Considering the response deviation problem in the execution layer, an adaptive robust controller for electric machine is designed to respond to the transient torque demand, and instantaneously compensate the response delay and the engine torque fluctuation. The simulations and hard-in-loop tests with the actual data of two typical driving conditions from the real-world city-bus-route are carried out, and the results demonstrate that the proposed method could guarantee the hybrid powertrain to track the actual torque demand with 10.4% fuel economy improvement. The optimal fuel economy can be obtained through the optimal combination of working modes. The fuel economy of plug-in hybrid electric bus can be significantly improved by the proposed control scheme without loss of drivability.
Qin-Pu Wang
,
Chao Yang
,
Ya-Hui Liu
,
Yuan-Bo Zhang
. City-Bus-Route Demand-based Efcient Coupling Driving Control for Parallel Plug-in Hybrid Electric Bus[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018
, 31(3)
: 58
-58
.
DOI: 10.1186/s10033-018-0257-y
[1] Yong Sun, Zi-Lin Ma, Gong-You Tang, et al. Estimation method of state-of-charge for lithium-ion battery used in hybrid electric vehicles based on variable structure extended kalman filter. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 29(4):717-726.
[2] Chao Yang, Liang Li, Si-Xiong You, et al. Cloud computing-based energy optimization control framework for plug-in hybrid electric bus. Energy, 2017, 125:11-26.
[3] Liang Li, Si-Xiong You, Chao Yang, et al. Driving-behavior-aware stochastic model predictive control for plug-in hybrid electric buses. Applied Energy, 2016, 162:868-879.
[4] Marcello Canova, Yann Guezennec, Steve Yurkovich. On the control of engine start/stop dynamics in a hybrid electric vehicle. ASME Transactions, Journal of Dynamic System, Measurement, and Control, 2009, 131(12), 061005:1-12.
[5] Zheng Chen, Bing Xia, Chenwen You, et al. A novel energy management method for series plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Applied Energy, 2015, 145:172-179.
[6] Chao Yang, Jian Song, Liang Li, et al. Economical launching and accelerating control strategy for a single-shaft parallel hybrid electric bus. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2016, 76-77:649-664.
[7] Tian-Heng Feng, Lin Yang, Qing Gu, et al. A supervisory control strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles based on energy demand prediction and route preview. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2015, 64(5):1691-1770.
[8] Hong-Cai Li, Qing-Dong Yan, Chang-Le Xiang, et al. Analysis method and principle of dual-mode electro-mechanical variable transmission program. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2012, 25(3):524-529.
[9] Wei-Da Wang, Li-Jin Han, Chang-Le Xiang, et al. Synthetical efficiency-based optimization for the power distribution of power-split hybrid electric vehicles. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2014, 27(1):58-68.
[10] Dongsuk Kum, Huei Peng, Norman Bucknor. Control of engine-starts for optimal drivability of parallel hybrid electric vehicles. ASME Transactions, Journal of Dynamic System, Measurement, and Control, 2014, 135(3), 021020:1-10.
[11] Liang Li, Chao Yang, Ya-Hui Zhang, et al. Correctional DP-based energy management strategy of plug-in hybrid bus for city-bus-route. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2015, 64(7):2792-2803.
[12] Chan-Chiao Lin, Huei Peng, Jessy-W. Grizzle et al. Power management strategy for a parallel hybrid electric truck. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 2003, 11(6):839-849.
[13] Chao Yang, Siyu Du, Liang Li, et al. Adaptive real-time optimal energy management strategy based on equivalent factors optimization for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. Applied Energy, 2017, 203:883-896.
[14] Bo Geng, James-K. Mills, Dong Sun. Energy management control of microturbine-powered plug-in hybrid electric vehicles using the telemetry equivalent consumption minimization strategy. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2011, 60(9):4238-4248.
[15] Feng-Jun Yan, Jun-Min Wang, Kai-Sheng Huang. Hybrid electric vehicle model predictive control torque-split strategy incorporating engine transient characteristics. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2012, 61(6):2458-2467.
[16] Li Chen, Gang Xi, Jing Sun. Torque coordination control during mode transition for a series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2012, 61(7):2936-2949.
[17] K Koprubasi, E R Westervelt, G Rizzoni. Toward the systematic design of controllers for smooth hybrid electric vehicle mode changes. Proceedings of the 2007 American Control Conference, 2007:2985-2990.
[18] Hyunsup Kim, Jihun Kim, Hyeongcheol Lee. Mode transition control using disturbance compensation for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2012, 225:125-150.
[19] Lin He, Tie-Long Shen, Liang-Yao Yu, et al. A model-predictive-control-based torque demand control approach for parallel hybrid powertrains. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2013, 62(3):1041-1052.
[20] Stefano Cordiner, Sergio Galeani, Francesco Mecocci, et al. Torque setpoint tracking for parallel hybrid electric vehicles using dynamic input allocation. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 2014, 22(5):2007-2015.
[21] V T Minh, A A Rashid. Modeling and model predictive control for hybrid electric vehicles. International Journal of Automotive Technology, 2012, 13(3):477-485.
[22] Metin Gokasan, Seta Bogosyan, D J Goering. Sliding mode based powertrain control for efficiency improvement in series hybrid-electric vehicles. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2006, 21(3):779-790.
[23] Chao Yang, Xiao-Hong Jiao, Liang Li, et al. Electromechanical coupling driving control for single-shaft parallel hybrid powertrain. SCIENCE CHINA Technological Sciences, 2014, 57(3):541-549.
[24] Chao Yang, Xiao-Hong Jiao, Liang Li, et al. Robust coordinated control for hybrid electric bus with single-shaft parallel hybrid powertrain. IET Control Theory and Application, 2015, 9(2):270-282.
