Imbalance vibration is a typical failure mode of rotational machines and has significant negative effects on the efficiency, accuracy, and service life of equipment. To automatically reduce the imbalance vibration during the operational process, different types of active balancing actuators have been designed and widely applied in actual production. However, the existing electromagnetic-ring active balancing actuator is designed based on an axial excitation structure which can cause structural instability and has low electromagnetic driving efficiency. In this paper, a novel radial excitation structure and the working principle of an electromagnetic-ring active balancing actuator with a combined driving strategy are presented in detail. Then, based on a finite element model, the performance parameters of the actuator are analyzed, and reasonable design parameters are obtained. Self-locking torque measurements and comparative static and dynamic experiments are performed to validate the self-locking torque and driving efficiency of the actuator. The results indicate that this novel active balancing actuator has sufficient self-locking torque, achieves normal step rotation at 2000 r/min, and reduces the driving voltage by 12.5%. The proposed novel balancing actuator using radial excitation and a combination of permanent magnets and soft-iron blocks has improved electromagnetic efficiency and a more stable and compact structure.
Imbalance vibration is a typical failure mode of rotational machines and has significant negative effects on the efficiency, accuracy, and service life of equipment. To automatically reduce the imbalance vibration during the operational process, different types of active balancing actuators have been designed and widely applied in actual production. However, the existing electromagnetic-ring active balancing actuator is designed based on an axial excitation structure which can cause structural instability and has low electromagnetic driving efficiency. In this paper, a novel radial excitation structure and the working principle of an electromagnetic-ring active balancing actuator with a combined driving strategy are presented in detail. Then, based on a finite element model, the performance parameters of the actuator are analyzed, and reasonable design parameters are obtained. Self-locking torque measurements and comparative static and dynamic experiments are performed to validate the self-locking torque and driving efficiency of the actuator. The results indicate that this novel active balancing actuator has sufficient self-locking torque, achieves normal step rotation at 2000 r/min, and reduces the driving voltage by 12.5%. The proposed novel balancing actuator using radial excitation and a combination of permanent magnets and soft-iron blocks has improved electromagnetic efficiency and a more stable and compact structure.
[1] A N Dickson, J N Barry, K A Mcdonnell, et al. Fabrication of continuous carbon, glass and Kevlar fiber reinforced polymer composites using additive manufacturing. Additive Manufacturing, 2017, 16: 146-152.
[2] C Vălean, L Mar?avina, M Mărghita?, et al. Effect of manufacturing parameters on tensile properties of FDM printed specimens. Procedia Structural Integrity, 2020, 26: 313-320.
[3] L Wang, W M Gramvlich, D J Gardner. Improving the impact strength of Poly (lactic acid)(PLA) in fused layer modeling (FLM). Polymer, 2017, 114: 242-248.
[4] B M Lorenzo, A Díaz, I I Cuesta. Influence of raster orientation on the determination of fracture properties of polypropylene thin components produced by additive manufacturing. Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics, 2020, 107: 102536.
[5] I Hugo, J Zaragoza-Siqueiros. Design and manufacturing strategies for fused deposition modelling in additive manufacturing: A review. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2019, 32: 53.
[6] H L Tekinalp, V Kunc, G M Velez-Garcia, et al. Highly oriented carbon fiber–polymer composites via additive manufacturing. Composites Science and Technology, 2014, 105: 144-150.
[7] D Espalin, R J Alberto, F Medina, et al. Multi-material, multi-technology FDM: exploring build process variations. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2014, 20(3): 236-244.
[8] B Huang, S Singamneni. Raster angle mechanics in fused deposition modelling. Journal of Composite Materials, 2015, 49(3): 363-383.
[9] F Ning, W Cong, J Qiu, et al. Additive manufacturing of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites using fused deposition modeling. Composites Part B Engineering, 2015, 80: 369-378.
[10] G Liao, Z Li, Y Cheng, et al. Properties of oriented carbon fiber/polyamide 12 composite parts fabricated by fused deposition modeling Materials & Design, 2018, 139: 283-292.
[11] M Somireddy, C V Singh, A Czekanski. Mechanical behaviour of 3D printed composite parts with short carbon fiber reinforcements. Engineering Failure Analysis, 2020, 107: 104232.
[12] J Wang, H Xie, Z Weng, et al. A novel approach to improve mechanical properties of parts fabricated by fused deposition modeling. Materials & Design, 2016, 105: 152-159.
[13] S Martin, S Chethan, A Florian, et al. Anisotropic properties of oriented short carbon fibre filled polypropylene parts fabricated by extrusion-based additive manufacturing. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2018, 113: 95-104.
[14] X Tian, T Liu, C Yang, et al. Interface and performance of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced PLA composites. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2016, 88: 198-205.
[15] N Li, Y Li, S Liu. Rapid prototyping of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid composites by 3D printing. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2016, 238: 218-225.
[16] K Mori, T Maeno, Y Nakagawa. Dieless forming of carbon fibre reinforced plastic parts using 3D printer. Procedia Engineering, 2014, 81: 1595-1600.
[17] A Fischer, S Rommel, T Bauernhansl. New fiber matrix process with 3D fiber printer–A strategic in-process integration of endless fibers using fused deposition modeling (FDM). IFIP International Conference on Digital Product and Process Development Systems, 2013: 167-175.
[18] M A Caminero, J M Chacón, I García-Moreno, et al. Impact damage resistance of 3D printed continuous fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites using fused deposition modelling. Composites Part B Engineering, 2018, 148: 93-103.
[19] Z Shan, C Fan, Q Sun, et al. Research on additive manufacturing technology and equipment for fiber reinforced resin composites. China Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 31(2): 221-226. (in Chinese)
[20] R S Crockett. The liquid-to-solid transition in stereodeposition techniques Solid Freeform Fabrication Proceedings. Austin: University of Texas, 1997: 257-264.
[21] P K Gurrala, S P Regalla. Part strength evolution with bonding between filaments in fused deposition modelling: This paper studies how coalescence of filaments contributes to the strength of final FDM part. Virtual and Physical Prototyping, 2014, 9(3): 141-149.
[22] Y Yan, R Zhang, G Hong, et al. Research on the bonding of material paths in melted extrusion modeling. Materials and Design, 2000, 21(2): 93-99. MathSciNet
[23] P Parandoush, D Lin. A review on additive manufacturing of polymer-fiber composites. Composite Structures, 2017, 182: 36-53.
[24] C Fan, Z Shan, G Zou, et al. Forming laws of continuous fiber composite filaments in 3D printing. China Mechanical Engineering, 2020, 30(9): 1089-1097. (in Chinese)
[25] C Bellehumeur, L Li, Q Sun, et al. Modeling of bond formation between polymer filaments in the fused deposition modeling process. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2004, 6(2): 170-178.
[26] D Y Wu, S Meure, D Solomon. Self-healing polymeric materials: a review of recent developments. Progress in Polymer Science, 2008, 33(5): 479-522.
[27] L Li, Q Sun, C Bellehumeur, et al. Composite modeling and analysis for fabrication of FDM prototypes with locally controlled properties. Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2002, 4(2): 129-141.
[28] S F Costa, F M Duarte, J A Covas. Towards modelling of Free Form Extrusion: analytical solution of transient heat transfer. International Journal of Material Forming, 2008, 1(1): 703-706.
[29] E Barocio, B Brenken, A Favaloro, et al. Fusion bonding simulations of semi-crystalline polymer composites in the extrusion deposition additive manufacturing process. American Society for Composites, 2017.
[30] J F Rodriguez, J P Thomas, J E Renaud. Mechanical behavior of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene fused deposition materials modeling, Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2003, 9(1): 219-230.
[31] Q Sun, G M Rizvi, C T Bellehumeur, et al. Effect of processing conditions on the bonding quality of FDM polymer filaments. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2008, 14(2): 72-80.
[32] B Huang, S Singamneni. Adaptive slicing and speed- and time-dependent consolidation mechanisms in fused deposition modeling. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 2014, 228(1): 111-126.
