Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering >

2018 , Vol. 31 >Issue 4: 65 - 65

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s10033-018-0268-8

Advanced Transportation Equipment

A Comparative Study on Open Circuit Voltage Models for Lithium-ion Batteries

  • Quan-Qing Yu ,
  • Rui Xiong ,
  • Le-Yi Wang ,
  • Cheng Lin
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  • 1. National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA

收稿日期: 2017-08-02

  网络出版日期: 2019-07-23

基金资助

Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51507012), and Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 3182035). The systemic experiments of the lithium-ion batteries were performed at the Advanced Energy Storage and Application (AESA) Group, Beijing Institute of Technology

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A Comparative Study on Open Circuit Voltage Models for Lithium-ion Batteries

  • Quan-Qing Yu ,
  • Rui Xiong ,
  • Le-Yi Wang ,
  • Cheng Lin
Expand
  • 1. National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA

Received date: 2017-08-02

  Online published: 2019-07-23

Supported by

Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51507012), and Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 3182035). The systemic experiments of the lithium-ion batteries were performed at the Advanced Energy Storage and Application (AESA) Group, Beijing Institute of Technology

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摘要

The current research of state of charge (SoC) online estimation of lithium-ion battery (LiB) in electric vehicles (EVs) mainly focuses on adopting or improving of battery models and estimation filters. However, little attention has been paid to the accuracy of various open circuit voltage (OCV) models for correcting the SoC with aid of the ampere-hour counting method. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison study on eighteen OCV models which cover the majority of models used in literature. The low-current OCV tests are conducted on the typical commercial LiFePO4/graphite (LFP) and LiNiMnCoO2/graphite (NMC) cells to obtain the experimental OCV-SoC curves at different ambient temperature and aging stages. With selected OCV and SoC points from experimental OCV-SoC curves, the parameters of each OCV model are determined by curve fitting toolbox of MATLAB 2013. Then the fitting OCV-SoC curves based on diversified OCV models are also obtained. The indicator of root-mean-square error (RMSE) between the experimental data and fitted data is selected to evaluate the adaptabilities of these OCV models for their main features, advantages, and limitations. The sensitivities of OCV models to ambient temperatures, aging stages, numbers of data points, and SoC regions are studied for both NMC and LFP cells. Furthermore, the influences of these models on SoC estimation are discussed. Through a comprehensive comparison and analysis on OCV models, some recommendations in selecting OCV models for both NMC and LFP cells are given.

关键词： State of charge; Open circuit voltage model; Lithium-ion battery; NMC; LFP

本文引用格式

Quan-Qing Yu , Rui Xiong , Le-Yi Wang , Cheng Lin . A Comparative Study on Open Circuit Voltage Models for Lithium-ion Batteries[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018 , 31(4) : 65 -65 . DOI: 10.1186/s10033-018-0268-8

Abstract

The current research of state of charge (SoC) online estimation of lithium-ion battery (LiB) in electric vehicles (EVs) mainly focuses on adopting or improving of battery models and estimation filters. However, little attention has been paid to the accuracy of various open circuit voltage (OCV) models for correcting the SoC with aid of the ampere-hour counting method. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison study on eighteen OCV models which cover the majority of models used in literature. The low-current OCV tests are conducted on the typical commercial LiFePO4/graphite (LFP) and LiNiMnCoO2/graphite (NMC) cells to obtain the experimental OCV-SoC curves at different ambient temperature and aging stages. With selected OCV and SoC points from experimental OCV-SoC curves, the parameters of each OCV model are determined by curve fitting toolbox of MATLAB 2013. Then the fitting OCV-SoC curves based on diversified OCV models are also obtained. The indicator of root-mean-square error (RMSE) between the experimental data and fitted data is selected to evaluate the adaptabilities of these OCV models for their main features, advantages, and limitations. The sensitivities of OCV models to ambient temperatures, aging stages, numbers of data points, and SoC regions are studied for both NMC and LFP cells. Furthermore, the influences of these models on SoC estimation are discussed. Through a comprehensive comparison and analysis on OCV models, some recommendations in selecting OCV models for both NMC and LFP cells are given.

Key words： State of charge; Open circuit voltage model; Lithium-ion battery; NMC; LFP

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