Q235 steel sliding bed plate of railway turnout components needs to be oiled manually to reduce friction,resulting in a great waste of human and material resources.Copper/steel bimetallic composites are formed by using copper matrix materials with self-lubricating properties and steel materials,which can realize the function of antifriction,wear resistance and corrosion resistance.It has great application prospects as sliding bed plate materials.Copper/steel bimetallic composites can be prepared efficiently by laser cladding technology,and laser cladding parameters have an important impact on the properties of the materials.In this paper,the effects of laser cladding process parameters on the microstructure of cladding layer were studied,and different laser power and scanning rate parameters were analyzed.The results showed that when the powder binder ratio was 1:1 and the preset powder thickness was 1mm,the microstructure of the cladding layer was the best when the laser power was 1 000 W and the laser scanning rate was 1 000 mm/min,which consisted of α-Copper phase and Fe₈CuS dispersed phase,and the microstructure at the interface was α-Copper phase,iron rich phase and Fe₈CuS dispersed phase,obtaining a good metallurgical bonding at the interface.