20 September 2017, Volume 41 Issue 9
    

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  • Research Progress of Response Characteristics of Metallic Materials for Automotive under High Strain Rates
    MA Mingtu, LI Jie, ZHAO Yan, WU Emei
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 1-13,24. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709001
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    Based on the requirements of light weight and safty, a lot of research on response characteristics for automobile metal materials under high strain rate was carried out. The research progress of test equipments, test methods, test data processing methods and the constitutive equation to describe the material response characteristics under high strain rates was summarized. The response characteristics, fitting constitutive equations and the microstructure evolution law of high strength steel and advanced high strength steel under high strain rates were concluded. The response characteristics of the typical aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy under high strain rates were introduced and the constitutive equation of describing rheological behavior of aluminum and magnesium alloys which considering the effects of temperature and thermal activation energe was raised. Some suggestions were proposed about test equipment, test methods, development direction of response characteristics of metallic material for automotive under high strain rates.
  • Development Review of Full Ocean Depth Buoyancy Material
    HE Chenggui, ZHANG Peizhi, GUO Fangquan, QI Hai, WU Fen, HAN Weiyue
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 14-18. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709002
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    Compressive strength, density, water absorption and the range of applicable depth of three types of full ocean depth buoyancy materials included syntactic foam, glass floatation spheres, ceramic floatation spheres were introduced. The production methods of full ocean depth buoyancy materials were sketched and the development status of full ocean depth buoyancy materials at home and abroad was summarized. How to reduce the density of material as much as possible while satisfying the compressive strength that was the essential problem of fabricating high performance full ocean depth buoyancy materials was put forward.
  • Tensile Property and Fatigue Crack Growth Property of Casing-Drilling Steels with Different Microstructures
    XU Tianhan, WANG Danghui
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 19-24. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709003
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    The fatigue crack growth properties and tensile properties of three casing-drilling steels with different microstructures were conducted by scanning electron microscope, fatigue test machine, and universal test machine. The quantitative relationship of different parameters was built. The results show that the tempered martensite steel possessed significantly higher tensile strength and yield strength than ferrite-bainite-tempered martensite steel and pearlite-ferrite steel. Pearlite-ferrite steel had the maximum Paris constant m and minimum Paris constant C. Tempered martensite steel had minimum Paris constant m and the maximum Paris constant C. For steels with the same or similar chemical composition, Paris constant m decreased evidently with the increase of yield strength and Paris constant C decreased significantly with the increase of elongation. For different steels, Paris constant C increased with the decrease of paris constant m. The materials composition should be modified to obtain excellent combination properties when the tensile properties were improved to the critical value by means of heat treatment.
  • Pitting Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel in Ash Water Medium of Coal Chemical Industry
    ZHAO Jie, XIONG Dan, YU Yunpeng, LIU Zhengtong, QIN Ling
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 25-31. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709004
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    The effect of Cl-, SO42- and pH on pitting behavior of 304 stainless steel in simulated ash water of coal chemical industry was studied through electrochemical test and dipping test by potential scanning technology, AC impedance technology and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results show that in test condition, the pitting degree of tested steel increased with increase of Cl- content in the simulate ash water and the tested steel had the lightest pitting degree when mass fraction of Cl- was 300 mg·kg-1. With increase of SO42- content in the simulate ash water, the pitting degree of tested steel decreased. When mass fraction of SO42- was 2 000 mg· kg-1, the tested steel had the lightest pitting degree. With increase of pH in the simulate ash water, the pitting degree of tested steel decreased. The tested steel had the lightest pitting degree when the pH was 10.
  • Microstructure and Properties of Soluble Alloy Used for Fracturing Separation Tools
    YANG Jun, WANG Jianshu, YING Junlu, HAN Zhenhua
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 32-35,41. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709005
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    The Mg-Ca-Zn-Fe-Ni-Cu soluble alloy were developed and prepared. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the cast and hot-extruded alloy were compared, and the dissolving property and application performance of the hot-extruded alloy were investigated. The results indicate that the test alloy with density of 1.8 g·cm-3 was composed of α-Mg,Mg2Ca,Mg2Ni,Mg2Cu and Mg6Ca2Zn3 phases. The matrix phase and precipitated phase of hot-extruded alloy distributed along the extrusion direction and exhibited a smaller size than the cast alloys. The tensile strength, elongation and hardness of alloy were increased after hot-extruding. The soluble rate of hot-extruded alloy increased when temperature rose. The hot-extruded alloy showed a mass loss of 40% after dissolved for 24 h at room temperature while dissolved completely after 24 h at 60℃. The pressure drop rate of frac-ball fabricated by hot-extruded alloy was 0.86% under 70 MPa at 90℃, which showed a good leakproofness. Field test results showed that the frac-ball had an excellent application performance.
  • SCG Resistance of Butt-Fusion Joint of PE100 Pipe Tested by Cracked Round Bar Method
    ZHANG Jianguo, DONG Junhua, GAO Bingjun, FU Yang
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 36-41. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709006
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    The cracked round bar (CRB) method was used to test the fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of PE100 pipe butt-fusion joint under different load ratio. The fatigue crack propagation mechanism of PE100 pipe butt-fusion joint was discussed. The slow crack growth (SCG) resistance in static loading condition was obtained by extrapolation. The results show that when load ratio R was the same, the fatigue crack propagation rate of PE100 pipe butt-fusion joint increased and the fatigue life shortened with the increase of maximum initial stress intensity factor Kmax. When Kmax was the same, the fatigue crack propagation rate decreased and the fatigue life extended with the increase of R. The stretched length of crazing fibrils in the crack discontinuous growth region reduced and the secondary cracks overlaid the main crack in the crack stable growth region which accelerated the crack propagation rate of butt-fusion joint. The allowable maximum initial stress intensity factor was 0.555 MPa·m1/2 for the service life of 50 years under static loading condition calculated by extrapolation.
  • Corrosion Behavior of 20 Steel and 13Cr Steel in Different Content Formic Acid-CO2 Environment under High Pressure and High Temperature
    LIU Rui, ZHANG Yuhui, LI Long, LI Yinxian
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 42-47. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709007
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    The corrosion rate and corrosion type of 20 steel and 13Cr steel in simulated well pipe environment (foric acid coexisting with CO2, 100℃, 1 MPa) were studied by the weight method and analyzation of corrosion product. The effect of formic acid content on corrosion behavior was discussed. The results indicate that the corrosion rate of two steels increased with increase of formic acid content, and the corrosion rate of 13Cr steel was lower than that of 20 steel. The corrosion type of 20 steel was uniform corrosion, and corrosion type of 13Cr steel was pitting. There were FeCO3 production and carbonate deposition on the surface of 20 steel. The substrate was dissolved continuously in the position covered by FeCO3 production, and the product was deposited continuously in the position deposited by carbonate. The position with lower corrosion rate was bulged on the surface of substrate. The dissolution of Cr occurred in 13Cr steel and passive film formed on the surface. With increase of formic acid content, the stability and density of passive film were reduced and H+ and Cl- contacted with substrate through passive film which promote the occurrence of pitting.
  • Oxidation Resistance of Graphene Film Prepared by Different Methods on Copper Surface
    CHEN Si, ZENG Xiaoshu
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 48-52. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709008
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    Graphene film was prepared on surface of copper foil substrate by oxidation-reduction method,chemical vapor deposition(CVD) method and the combination of both methods and applied oxidation process. The surface morphology, phase composition and oxidation rate of different samples before and after oxidation were compared and the oxidation resistance of different graphene film was studied. The results show that CuO and Cu2O were found on the surface of Cu sample, Cu+r-GO sample and Cu+GP sample after oxidation. There was not any oxide on the surface of Cu+GP/r-GO sample. During the same oxidation time, Cu sample had the maximum oxidation rate and oxidation rate of Cu+r-GO sample was greater than that of Cu+GP sample. Cu+GP/r-GO sample was almost not oxidized. GP/r-GO film had the best oxidation resistance.
  • Effect of Fiber Length on Compressibility and Resilience Properties of Non-asbestos Sealing Gasket
    TIAN Shuo, LIU Meihong, FENG Hongfei, JIAO Jian
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 53-56,67. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709009
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    Different length of cellulose fiber, PPTA-pulp fiber and mineral wool fiber was sieved by Bauer-McNett classifier and the weight average fiber length was measured. The compressibility and resilience properties of non-asbestos sealing gasket made by beater-addition process were tested by U8(43) homogenous experimental design. The relationship of compressibility ratio and resilience ratio and fiber length was studied by multi-linear regression which was used to predict compressibility and resilience properties. The predicted values were compared with experimental values. The results show that fiber length had a significant effect on compressibility and resilience properties. The compressibility ratio increased and resilience ratio decreased with increase of fiber length. The effect of fiber length of PPTA-pulp was the most significant. The predicted values by regression equation were approximately equal to experimental values.
  • Effects of Different Tougheners on Toughening Modification Effect of Poly(lactic acid) and Property of FDM Printed Parts
    ZHANG Yunbo, WANG Lianfeng, HU Hao, LI Zhen, WANG Zhuo, GU Zheming
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 57-60,72. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709010
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    Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was toughening modified using three tougheners of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), poly(ethylene-butyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate) (PTW) and thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU), all with the mass fractions of 5%, 10%, 15%, respectively, and then the wires were prepared and directly formed by fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique. The effects of the tougheners on the property of wires and printed parts were studied. The results show that all three tougheners had the good compatibility with PLA. The flowability of PTW modified PLA wire was the best and increased with the increase of PTW content. With the increase of toughener content, the tensile strength of the modified PLA printed part decreased while the impact toughness increased. The 10wt% PTW modified PLA wire was the most suitable for FDM printing because of the appropriate flowability; the surface of the printed part was smooth.
  • Preparation and Properties of Nitrile Rubber Composite
    CHEN Yongjun, ZOU Hua, WU Shemao, ZHANG Liqun
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 61-67. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709011
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    The nitrile rubber composites with component dispersed uniformly was prepared by physical blending method. The effect of vulcanizing agent, antioxidant and cold-resistant plasticizer on the properties of nitrile rubber composite was studied. The results show that when the antioxidant system was 4010NA/RD/AW/NBC/paraffin and dosages were 1, 1, 1.5, 2, 1 phr, respectively, nitrile rubber composite had excellent hot air and ozone aging resistance. When the cold-resistant plasticizer was DOA and its dosage was 6 phr, nitrile rubber composite had excellent low temperature resistance and good oil resistance. When the compound vulcanization system DCP/S/DM/CZ was used and dosages were 2.5, 0.5, 0.3, 0.5 phr, respectively, nitrile rubber composite had better hot air aging resistance and low temperature resistance. When the dosages of NBR (35%)/NBR (26%), ZnO, SA, N550, S, DM, CZ, DCP, DOA, 4010NA, RD, NBC, AW, paraffin were 50/50, 5, 1.5, 60, 0.5, 0.3, 0.5, 2.5, 6, 1.5, 1, 1, 1.5, 1 phr, nitrile rubber composites had the excellent comprehensive properties.
  • Preparation and Property of Aramid Fiber Reinforced Nylon-6 Composite
    ZHANG Dashi, QIAN Xiuyang, WANG Hongxin, WEN Guilin
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 68-72. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709012
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    The thermal property and rheological behavior of nylon-6 were studied using capillary rheometer and differential scanning calorimeter and the hot-press forming temperature of aramid fiber reinforced nylon-6 composite was determined. Then the aramid fiber reinforced nylon-6 composite was prepared and the microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. Nondestructive testing of the composite was also conducted using ultrasonic phased array technology. The results show that the hot-press forming temperature of the aramid fiber reinforced nylon-6 composite was 245℃. The impregnating effect of nylon-6 on aramid fiber was relatively good. No defects were found in the composite by the nondestructive testing. The static tensile strength of the composite was 279.7 MPa and both the dynamic compressive strength and compression modulus increased with the increase of strain rate. The composite showed a brittle failure at a high strain rate.
  • Optimization of Process Parameters for PTFE-Based Anti-friction and Wear-Resistance Coating Prepared By Spraying Method
    LI Yingchun, LI Qinglin, QIU Ming, ZHANG Rui
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 73-76. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709013
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    The PTFE-base anti-friction and wear resistance coating which used PTFE as solid lubricant, epoxy resin as binder and MoS2 as filler was prepared by air spraying method on GCr15 steel substrate. The properties of friction and wear of coating were tested by reciprocating friction and wear tester. The orthogonal test approach was employed to optimize the curing temperature, curing time and the pressure of air spray gun. The results show that the primacy sequence of these factors affected the tribological properties of coating was pressure of air spray gun, curing time, curing temperature. When curing temperature was 120℃, curing time was 60 min and pressure of air spray gun was 0.3 MPa, the average frictional coefficient of coating was 0.106 and wear volume was 0.001 5 mm3 that performed the excellent tribological properties.
  • Synthesis and Properties of Carbon Nanotubes/Graphene Spheres Loaded Nano-Nickel
    ZENG Bin, ZENG Wujun, LIU Wanfeng
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 77-80,84. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709014
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    The composite of carbon nanotubes/graphene spheres-nano Ni (CNTs/GR-Ni) was synthesized by spray drying technology and heat treatment process. The adsorption property and catalytic performance were researched. The results showed that the composite of carbon nanotubes/graphene spheres loaded nano-Ni was successfully fabricated by spray drying technology and heat treatment process and Ni nanoparticles were distributed uniformly on the surface of carbon nanotubes/graphene microspheres. CNTs/GR-Ni had excellent adsorption property and magnetic separation property. Compared with the element Ni, CNTs/GR-Ni had the excellent catalytic performance and it made the temperature of high temperature decomposition of ammonium perchlorate decrease by 135℃.
  • Effect of Mn Element on Properties of Copper-Based CuZnNi Alloy Brazing Filler
    GU Tianliang, YAN Yanfu, ZHANG Shaoqi
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 81-84. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709015
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    Different contents of Mn element were added to CuZnNi alloy brazing filler. The effect of Mn element on liquidus temperature, wettability, and mechanical properties of brazing filler and joint was studied. The results show that liquidus temperature of brazing filler decreased gradually with increase of Mn content and liquidus temperature of brazing filler dropped 54℃ when mass fraction of Mn was 4.5%. Spreading area of brazing filler increased gradually with increase of Mn content and reached 298 mm2 when mass fraction of Mn was 4.5%. The tensile strength of CuZnNi increased and elongation increased first and then decreased with increase of Mn content. The shear strength of brazed joints increased gradually with the increase of Mn content and the shear strength was 221.2 MPa while mass fraction of Mn was 4.5% which was increased by 16.1% compared with that of base brazing filler.
  • Influence of Repair Welding on Mechanical Properties of 30CrMnSiA High Strength Steel Welded Joint
    ZHANG Julin, ZHANG Huasong, LI Botao, TONG Mingbo
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 85-87. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709016
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    Using original welded joint and once-repair welded joint of 30CrMnSiA high strength steel as research objects, the influence of repair welding on mechanical properties of the welded joint was studied by tensile test, fatigue test and microstructure analysis. The results show that the mechanical properties of the welded joint were slightly degraded after repair welding. The weak part of the welded joint in tensile property was heat affected zone while that in fatigue performance was welding toe. The repair welding had little influence on the microstructure around the welding seam.
  • Influence of Dispersant on Microstructure and Tensile Properties of IMC/Al Composite Prepared by FSP
    WU Zhilin, HUANG Chunping, WANG Chengjian, HUANG Shuowen
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 88-92. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709017
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    The Intermetallic compound reinforced aluminum matrix composite was prepared by friction stir processing (FSP) technology. The effect of dispersant SiC and CNTs in the composite on the uniformity of microstructures, reinforced phase contents and size and tensile properties of composite was analyzed by scanning eletron microscope (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and tensile tester. The results show that the Ni powder agglomeration was found in IMC/Al composite prepared by FSP. The shape of aggregate was similar stripe and similar oval. The dispersant addition inhibited the agglomeration of Ni powder and improved the uniformity of compound region of composite. CNTs had a better effect on inhibiting agglomeration than SiC. The dispersant addition promoted the Al-Ni in-situ reaction that produced more reinforced phase of Al3Ni. The dispersant addition improved the mechanical properties of composite. The maximum tensile strength of composite reached 171 MPa after adding CNTs and increased by 15.5% compared with that of composite without dispersant.
  • Effect of Trace Elements Al and N on Quenching Microstructure and Hardenability of SWRCH35K Steel
    WANG Lijun, LI Yongchao, CHEN Jilin, ZHAI Jinpo, WANG Ningtao, FENG Zhongxian
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 93-96. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709018
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    SWRCH35K hot-rolled wire rods with different content (microscale) of Al and N were produced by converter smelting-LF furnace refining-continuous casting-controlled rolling-controlled cooling process. The quenching microstructure and hardenability of SWRCH35K steel were investigated by quenching and Jominy test. The results show that the microstructure of SWRCH35K steel after quenching was martensite and troostite. Martensite content decreased with the increase of N content after quenching and the hardenability of steel degraded when Al content was almost the same. Martensite content decreased with the increase of Al content after quenching and the hardenability of steel degraded when N content was almost the same. AlN or carbonitride formed by Al and N elements promoted grain refinement and prevented the formation of martensite.
  • Effect of Band Structure on Properties of X70 Pipeline Steel Bend at Low Temperature
    FANG Meng, ZHANG Jie, LI Ying, YU Baichuan, FAN Wei, HAN Xinli, HUANG Chengshuai
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 97-100,105. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709019
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    The effect of band structure on X70 pipeline steel bend was studied by low temperature Charpy impact test, tensile test and water pressure blasting test. The results show that the impact energy of X70 pipeline steel bend with band structure increased 10-30 J than that of X70 pipeline steel bend without band structure at the same test temperature. Band structure had little effect on the tensile strength of different locations of X70 pipeline steel bend, but the bend with band structure had higher yield-tensile ratio and tensile properties was worse than that of bend without band structure. Band structure had slight effect on the result of water pressure blasting test of bend.
  • Rolling Friction and Wear Behavior of Polyurethane/Q235 Steel Pair
    ZHU Xinbo, CHEN Jianjun, PAN Hongliang, WANG Zhengdong
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 101-105. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709020
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    The friction and wear test for the pair between polyurethane with different hardness and Q235 steel was carried out by using a self-made double disks friction and wear testing machine. The effect of load, rotational speed and hardness of polyurethane on the friction coefficient of polyurethane was discussed. The influence of load and hardness of polyurethane on the wear rate of polyurethane was studied. The results show that load had an obvious effect on the friction coefficient of polyurethane, the friction coefficient decreases with the increase of load. The effect of rotational speed on the friction coefficient was not obvious and there was not any regularity. The friction coefficient increased with the increase of hardness of polyurethane, but the variation amplitude was very small. The wear rate decreased with the increase of hardness of polyurethane and increased with the increase of load.
  • Ball Indentation Representative Stress-Strain Method Testing Mechanical Properties of Metals
    SUN Mingcheng, ZHANG Chaoqun, HAN Debin, LI Hongqiang
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2017, 41(9): 106-110. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201709021
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    Matlab optimization function was used to improve optimization conditions of representative stress-stain method and optimize calculation flow of representative stress-true stain method, and yield strength σy, strain hardening exponent n and elastic modulus E three parameters were simultaneously optimized by using improved elastoplastic equation. Thus the mechanical property parameters were determined. Then the mechanical properties of P91 steel were tested by ball indentation representative stress-strain method and compared with uniaxial tensile test results. The results show that compared with uniaxial tensile test results, the mechanical properties of P91 tested by ball indentation representative stress-stain method had high accuracy and the maximum deviation was 12.11%.
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