Transactions of The China Welding Institution >

2021 , Vol. 42 >Issue 7: 66 - 73

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12073/j.hjxb.20201210001

Effect of shoulder shape on axial force of friction stir welding of 6061 aluminum alloy

  • NIU Wentao ,
  • XIE Jilin ,
  • HUANG Yongde ,
  • ZHANG Hao ,
  • CHEN Yuhua
Expand
  • 1. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Forming and Joining Technology for Aviation Aerospace Components, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330000, China;
    2. Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China;
    3. Passenger Car Fujian Branch of SAIC Motor Corporation Limited, Ningde, 352000, China

Received date: 2020-12-10

  Online published: 2022-02-22

Fold

Abstract

For the application of robotic FSW, the influence of shoulder shape on axial force during welding was researched. FSW of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy was successfully performed by tools with different shoulder shape of flat and concave. The axial force during welding was measured, recorded, and analyzed. The distribution and variation of axial force were analyzed comprehensively with the aid of an established stress model about the shoulder. The results were shown that weld morphology of the flat shoulder was better than that of the concave shoulder. The average axial force curve fluctuated zigzag in the stable welding stage, while the amplitude of zigzag with the flat shoulder was smaller than the concave shoulder. The lowest axial force was measured in rotating speed of 1 500 r/min and the welding speed of 95 mm/min, when the flat shoulder was used, the lowest axial force was 3 828 N, and the concave shoulder was 4 018.5 N. It was attributed of the lower heat input produced welding with concave shoulder and greater resistance to plastic flow of material. In addition, according to the force analysis, when the concave shoulder was used for welding, a certain axial force was added by the movement in the forward direction, which resulted in a larger axial force.

Key words： friction stir welding; 6061-T6 aluminum alloy; shoulder shape; axial force

Cite this article

NIU Wentao , XIE Jilin , HUANG Yongde , ZHANG Hao , CHEN Yuhua . Effect of shoulder shape on axial force of friction stir welding of 6061 aluminum alloy[J]. Transactions of The China Welding Institution, 2021 , 42(7) : 66 -73 . DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20201210001

References

[1] 刘西畅, 李文亚, 高彦军, 等. 铝合金双轴肩FSW过程材料流动行为[J]. 焊接学报, 2021, 42(3): 48 ? 56
Liu Xichang, Li Wenya, Gao Yanjun, et al. Material flow behavior of aluminum alloy double shaft shoulder stir friction welding process[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2021, 42(3): 48 ? 56
[2] 董林, 李继忠, 栾国红. 机器人FSW发展现状与趋势[J]. 航空制造技术, 2014, 17 (5): 76 ? 79
Dong Lin, Li Jizhong, Luan Guohong. Development of robotic friction stir welding technology[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2014, 17 (5): 76 ? 79
[3] Cook G E, Crawford R, Clark D E, et al. Robotic friction stir welding[J]. Industrial Robot, 2004, 31(1): 55 ? 63.
[4] Soundararajan V, Valant M, Kovacevic R. An overview of R & D work in friction stir welding at SMU[J]. Metalurgija, 2006, 12(4): 275 ? 295.
[5] 周利, 刘会杰, 刘鹏. 搅拌头受力模型及应用[J]. 焊接学报, 2009, 30(3): 93 ? 96
Zhou Li, Liu Huijie, Liu Peng. Tool force model and application[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2009, 30(3): 93 ? 96
[6] Zhang Z, Zhang H. Numerical studies on effect of axial pressure in friction stir welding[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2007, 12(3): 226 ? 248.
[7] 张昊. 低轴向力机器人FSW工艺基础研究[D]. 南昌: 南昌航空大学, 2018.
Zhang Hao. Basic research on friction stir welding of low axial force robot[D]. Nanchang: Nanchang Hangkong University, 2018.
[8] 李程锦, 王陆钊, 刘其鹏, 等. 搅拌头几何参数及倾角对FSW接质量影响的数值分析[J]. 大连交通大学学报, 2017, 38(5): 70 ? 74
Li Chengjin, Wang Luzhao, Liu Qipeng, et al. Numerical analysis of tool geometric parameters and tilted angle impact on quality of FSW[J]. Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University, 2017, 38(5): 70 ? 74
[9] 张成行, 曹宇, 曹玲飞, 等. 异种铝合金FSW接头的显微组织、力学及腐蚀性能[J]. 中国有色金属学报, 2019, 29(10): 2255 ? 2265
Zhang Chengxing, Cao Yu, Cao Lingfei, et al. Microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of dissimilar friction stir welded aluminum alloys joints[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2019, 29(10): 2255 ? 2265
[10] 廖美玲. 轴肩形貌对FSW缝金属塑性流动及组织性能的影响[D]. 南昌: 南昌航空大学, 2015.
Liao Meiling. Effect of shoulder morphology on plastic flow and tissue properties of stir friction weld metal[D]. Nanchang: Nanchang Hangkong University, 2015.
[11] 张忠科, 王希靖. 搅拌头形状对搅拌头受力和温度的影响[J]. 兰州理工大学学报, 2010, 36(4): 17 ? 20
Zhang Zhongke, Wang Xijing. Effect of tool shape on the force and temperature of stirring head[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2010, 36(4): 17 ? 20
[12] 张威, 潘杨, 韩锐, 等. FSW接过程搅拌头几何对搅拌头受力的影响[J]. 应用物理, 2019, 9(4): 169 ? 176
Zhang Wei, Pan Yang, Han Rui, et al. The Influence of tool geome-try on the force exerted on the tool in friction stir welding[J]. Applied Physics, 2019, 9(4): 169 ? 176
[13] Zhao Pengcheng, Shen Yixiang, Huang Guoqiang. Numerical simulation of stir friction butt welding of 6061 aluminum alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals (English Edition), 2018, 28(6): 1216-1225.
[14] 杨素媛, 张保垒. 厚板AZ31镁合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头的组织与性能[J]. 焊接学报, 2009, 30(5): 1 ? 4
Yang Suyuan, Zhang Baolei. Organization and properties of stir friction welded joints of thick plate AZ31 magnesium alloy[J]. Transactions of the China Welding Institution, 2009, 30(5): 1 ? 4
[15] 朱海, 孙龙, 彭春明, 等. 6061铝合金接头成形质量及性能与FSW工艺参数关系的研究[J]. 焊接, 2017(7): 45 ? 48
Zhu Hai, Sun Long, Peng Chunming,, et al. Study on the relationship between forming quality and performance of 6061 aluminum alloy joints and friction stir welding process parameters[J]. Welding & Joining, 2017(7): 45 ? 48
[16] Rajneesh Kumar, Kanwer Singh, Sunil Pandey. Effect of stir friction welding process parameters on the force and heat input to the stirring head of AA5083 aluminum alloy[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2012, 22(2): 288 ? 298.
[17] 曹丽杰, 潘荣秀, 郑钟盛. 铝合金FSW插入工艺参数对轴向力和扭矩的影响[J]. 轻合金加工技术, 2011, 39(10): 55 ? 58, 62
Cao Lijie, Pan Rongxiu, Zheng Zhongsheng. Effect of inserting process parameters on axial force and torque occurred during FSW of aluminum alloy[J]. Light Alloy Fabrication Technology, 2011, 39(10): 55 ? 58, 62
[18] Yang Min, Bao Ruijun, Liu Xiuzhong, et al. Thermo-mechanical interaction between aluminum alloy and tools with different profiles during friction stir welding[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2019, 29(3): 495 ? 506.
[19] 柯黎明, 潘际銮, 邢丽, 等. FSW焊缝金属塑性流动的抽吸-挤压理论[J]. 机械工程学报, 2009, 45(4): 89 ? 94
Ke Liming, Pan Jiluan, Xing Li, et al. Sucking-extruding theory for the material flow in friction stir welds[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2009, 45(4): 89 ? 94
[20] 赵亚东, 沈长斌, 刘书华, 等. 5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊缝的电化学腐蚀行为[J]. 大连交通大学学报, 2008, 22(4): 70 ? 73
Zhao Yadong, Shen Changbin, Liu shuhua, et al. Electrochemical corrosion behavior of stir friction welded joints of 5083 aluminum alloy[J]. Journal of Dalian Jiaotong University, 2008, 22(4): 70 ? 73
[21] Kim Y P, Kim C H, Kim Y G, et al. Trends of technology development of friction stir welding machine[J]. Journal of Welding and Joining, 2016, 34(3): 1 ? 5.
[22] Giorgi M D, Scialpi A, Panella F W, et al. Effect of shoulder geometry on residual stress and fatigue properties of AA6082 FSW joints[J]. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 2009, 23(1): 26 ? 35.
[23] 王希靖, 张忠科, 韩道彬, 等. FSW中摩擦头前进阻力的检测及分析[J]. 焊接学报, 2010, 31(4): 1 ? 4
Wang Xijing, Zhang Zhongke, Han Daobin, et al. Measurements and analysis of onward force on stir-pin in FSW process[J]. Transactions of the China welding Institution, 2010, 31(4): 1 ? 4
Options
Outlines

/

〈 〉

　 Copyright © Transactions of The China Welding Institution, All Rights Reserved.
Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd,.