针对拐角激光焊接存在的因加减速及光斑重叠引起的能量累积问题，提出一种基于时间和空间维度、同时考虑焊接比能量与能量密度分布的功率随动控制策略，控制拐角处的能量分布，优化拐角处的焊接质量. 借助于MATLAB软件分析了拐角处的激光焊接热输入和能量密度分布，优化了激光功率和焊接速度之间的匹配关系. 基于团队自主研发的激光振镜焊接控制系统，以3003铝合金为研究对象进行不同拐角条件下的拐角焊接质量优化试验. 结果表明，采用基于时间和空间维度的功率随动控制策略可有效改善拐角处焊缝的表面形貌，保证焊缝的均匀性，同时，在不影响熔深质量的前提下，有利于抑制拐角处的缺陷生成，提高焊缝的整体质量.
Considering energy accumulation caused by acceleration, deceleration, and overlapping spots in corner laser welding, a power tracking control strategy based on temporal-spatial dimensions that accounts for welding specific energy and energy density distribution was developed to control energy distribution and optimize welding quality at corners. Using MATLAB, the heat input of laser welding and the energy density distribution at the corner were analyzed, and the relation between laser power and welding speed was optimized. Using the galvo laser welding control system developed by the team, 3003 aluminum alloy was tested to optimize corner welding quality under different corner conditions. The experimental results show that the power tracking control strategy based on temporal-spatial dimensions can effectively improve welding surface morphology at the corner and ensure weld seam homogeneity, helping inhibit defects at the corner and improve overall weld seam quality without affecting penetration depth.
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