提出对电弧施加横向磁场的方法，通过偏转电弧改变焊缝两侧电弧热分配，从而提升焊缝成形质量. 为了掌握外加横向磁场对电弧热输入分配的影响机制，开展了GTAW电弧热输入分配规律研究；建立了外加横向磁场下的异种钢角焊缝GTAW电弧-熔池耦合瞬态三维模型，对电弧温度场、电磁场、流场开展了耦合计算；对比分析了偏转焊枪与外加横向磁场偏转电弧两种电弧热量分配方式；在上述工作的基础上，研究了外加横向磁场偏转电弧方式磁感应强度对熔透形态和电弧热分配的影响规律. 结果表明，偏转焊枪方式在角焊中适应性较差，而外加横向磁场偏转电弧可获得更好的焊接质量. 相关研究可为此类异种钢角焊的焊接工艺参数优化提供技术支持.
In this paper, a method of applying transverse magnetic field to the arc is proposed to change the arc heat distribution on both sides of the weld by deflecting the arc, so as to improve the weld forming quality. In order to understand the influence mechanism of applied transverse magnetic field on arc heat input distribution, the rule of GTAW arc heat input distribution was studied. A three-dimensional model of GTAW arc pool coupling in dissimilar steel fillet weld under applied transverse magnetic field was established, and the coupling calculation of arc temperature field, electromagnetic field and flow field was carried out. Two kinds of arc heat distribution methods of deflecting the torch and external transverse magnetic field deflected arc were compared and analyzed. On the basis of the above work, the effect of magnetic induction intensity on the penetration form and the heat distribution of arc under the applied transverse magnetic field deflected arc was studied. The results show that the adaptability of deflection welding gun is poor in fillet welding, while the deflection arc with applied transverse magnetic field can obtain better welding quality. The relevant research can provide technical support for the optimization of welding process parameters of this kind of dissimilar steel fillet welding.
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