焊接学报 >

2021 , Vol. 42 >Issue 7: 66 - 73

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12073/j.hjxb.20201210001

研究论文

搅拌头轴肩形状对6061铝合金FSW过程中轴向力的影响

  • 牛文涛 ,
  • 谢吉林 ,
  • 黄永德 ,
  • 张昊 ,
  • 陈玉华
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  • 1. 南昌航空大学，江西省航空构件成形与连接重点试验室，南昌，330000;
    2. 哈尔滨工业大学，哈尔滨，150001;
    3. 上海汽车集团股份有限公司乘用车福建分公司，宁德，352000
牛文涛，硕士；主要研究方向为机器人搅拌摩擦技术；Email：364904899@qq.com.

收稿日期: 2020-12-10

  网络出版日期: 2022-02-22

基金资助

江西省优势科技创新团队重点项目（20181BCB19002）；上海航天科技创新基金（SAST2018-058）.

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Effect of shoulder shape on axial force of friction stir welding of 6061 aluminum alloy

  • NIU Wentao ,
  • XIE Jilin ,
  • HUANG Yongde ,
  • ZHANG Hao ,
  • CHEN Yuhua
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  • 1. Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Forming and Joining Technology for Aviation Aerospace Components, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, 330000, China;
    2. Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China;
    3. Passenger Car Fujian Branch of SAIC Motor Corporation Limited, Ningde, 352000, China

Received date: 2020-12-10

  Online published: 2022-02-22

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摘要

为了机器人FSW工程化应用，研究搅拌头轴肩形状对轴向力的影响. 采用平面与凹面两种轴肩形状的搅拌头，对6061-T6铝合金板材进行搅拌摩擦焊，测量、记录和分析焊接过程中的轴向力，建立轴肩受力模型，综合分析轴向力的分布及变化规律. 结果表明，平面轴肩搅拌头焊接所得焊缝形貌优于凹面轴肩搅拌头；平稳焊接阶段轴向力分布曲线呈锯齿状波动，平面轴肩对应曲线的波动幅度较小；当搅拌头转速为1500 r/min、焊接速度为95 mm/min时测得轴向力最低，采用平面轴肩时所测轴向力为3 828 N，而凹面轴肩则为4 018.5 N. 分析认为凹面轴肩产生的焊接热输入较小，材料上下方向塑性流动的阻力较大，相应的反作用力也较大. 另外，根据受力分析，采用凹面轴肩焊接时，搅拌头前进方向的移动会叠加一定的轴向分力，导致凹面轴肩搅拌头焊接过程中所受的轴向力较大.

关键词： 搅拌摩擦焊; 6061-T6铝合金; 轴肩形状; 轴向力

本文引用格式

牛文涛 , 谢吉林 , 黄永德 , 张昊 , 陈玉华 . 搅拌头轴肩形状对6061铝合金FSW过程中轴向力的影响[J]. 焊接学报, 2021 , 42(7) : 66 -73 . DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20201210001

Abstract

For the application of robotic FSW, the influence of shoulder shape on axial force during welding was researched. FSW of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy was successfully performed by tools with different shoulder shape of flat and concave. The axial force during welding was measured, recorded, and analyzed. The distribution and variation of axial force were analyzed comprehensively with the aid of an established stress model about the shoulder. The results were shown that weld morphology of the flat shoulder was better than that of the concave shoulder. The average axial force curve fluctuated zigzag in the stable welding stage, while the amplitude of zigzag with the flat shoulder was smaller than the concave shoulder. The lowest axial force was measured in rotating speed of 1 500 r/min and the welding speed of 95 mm/min, when the flat shoulder was used, the lowest axial force was 3 828 N, and the concave shoulder was 4 018.5 N. It was attributed of the lower heat input produced welding with concave shoulder and greater resistance to plastic flow of material. In addition, according to the force analysis, when the concave shoulder was used for welding, a certain axial force was added by the movement in the forward direction, which resulted in a larger axial force.

Key words： friction stir welding; 6061-T6 aluminum alloy; shoulder shape; axial force

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