采用套娃式新型爆炸焊接法一次试验高效制备出以Q235钢为基管、T2紫铜为覆管的Q235/T2复合管及以1060工业纯铝为覆管、T2紫铜为基棒的1060/T2复合棒各一件. 对试样结合界面的微观形貌及轴向压缩行为进行了测试与分析. 结果表明，受传爆装置产生的射流影响，1060/T2爆炸焊接棒顶端有一直径约3 mm的球形凹槽，距顶部约有8.5 mm区域焊接质量较差，其余部位焊接质量良好；Q235/1060爆炸焊接管未受此影响. 沿着爆轰波传播方向，Q235/T2复合管及1060/T2复合棒的结合界面均逐渐从不稳定波形结合过渡到规则的、幅值/宽度分别约为65 μm/210 μm、120 μm/400 μm的波形结合. EDS显示Q235/T2复合管结合界面处铁铜原子扩散比在44∶56 ~ 72∶28之间，1060/T2复合棒结合界面处有AlCu，Al2Cu生成；力学性能方面，轴向准静态压缩条件下，Q235/T2复合管、1060/T2复合棒的屈服应力/屈服应变分别约为598 MPa/5.8%和340 MPa/4.8%.
The steel-Q235/copper-T2 pipes and aluminum-1060/copper-T2 composite pipe/rod are fabricated by an unique manufacturing process which we call it “the Russian-dolls-like experimental arrangement”. After the experiment, samples’ welding quality along the detonation direction is firstly evaluated by an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope equipped with a backscattered electrons detector. Mechanical properties of welded samples are checked via longitudinal compression tests. Results show that due to the jet produced by part no. 6, there is a ? 3.0 mm spherical groove on top of the Al/Cu explosively-welded rod. Because of this, the section 8.5 mm from the top (Al/Cu couple) is not welded, while the Steel/Cu couple is not affected. Bonding interfaces of Steel/Cu and Steel/Cu couples both change from unstable ones to regular/wavy ones along the detonation direction. Atomic ratios of steel and copper around the Steel/Cu interface varies from 44∶56 to 72∶28, and AlCu and Al2Cu are identified around the Al/Cu interface via EDS analysis. Samples’ yield strength/strain in longitudinal compression for steel/Cu and Al/Cu couples are 598 MPa/5.8% and 340 MPa/4.8%, respectively.
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