20 November 2019, Volume 43 Issue 11
    

  • Select all
    |
  • ZHANG Zhaofu, XU Lianyong, MA Dongfang, XU Liang, HU Fengtao, JIANG Chenghu
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Low cycle fatigue test was conducted on P92 steel with RPL50 dynamic creep tester at 630℃ and different strain amplitudes, and the high temperature low cycle fatigue behavior of P92 steel was studied. Based on the relationship between plastic strain energy density and hardness, stress amplitude and low cycle fatigue life, low cycle fatigue life of P92 steel was predicted by energy-based hardness method, and compared with the test results. The results show that P92 steel was a cyclic softening material. The initial normalized stress amplitude increased with the increase of strain amplitudes, and stress amplitude decreased with the increase of cycles at different strain amplitudes. With the increase of strain amplitude, the elastic strain amplitude remained stable; the plastic strain amplitude increased approximately linearly; softening rate increased and was stable at about 0.3 finally. There was a good linear relationship between hardness and strain amplitude. The energy-based hardness method could accurately predict the high temperature low cycle fatigue life of P92 steel at 630℃, and the calculated predicted lives were all within ±1.5 times standard deviation of test lives.
  • WANG Jian, SUN Li, XIONG Ziliu, LUO Yang, DONG Yikang
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 5-8,20. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911002
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Cracking behavior during DP980 steel plate roll-bending to rectangular tubing was investigated by microstructure and micromorphology observation. The results show that during the forming of the DP980 steel rectangular tubing, the plasticity near inner surface at the corner position was significantly lower than that near the outer surface. Cracks at the corner initiated from the inner surface and propagated along the location of martensite aggregation from inner surface to outer surface. At the initial stage, the cracks propagated in transgranular mode, and the fracture was cleavage fracture. The fracture at the end of cracks and the artificial fracture showed a mixed feature with quasi-cleavage fracture and ductile fracture.
  • ZHOU Nianrong, ZHAO Jiali, TANG Lijun
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 9-11,26. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911003
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Four low-melting-point (below 230℃) alloys, including Sn-3.5Ag, Sn-1.6Cu, Sn-Zn-0.7Cu, Sn-8Zn-3Bi, were smelted. On the basis of spreading areas of the four alloys on T2 copper substrate, the alloy having relatively good spreading effects was determined, and then the interface bonding property of the alloy with the copper substrate was analyzed. The results show that the Sn-1.6Cu alloy had the best spreading performance on T2 copper substrate, with the largest spreading area and a smooth spreading surface. The spreading performance of the Sn-3.5Ag took second place, and that of the Sn-Zn-0.7Cu alloy and Sn-8Zn-3Bi alloy was relatively poor. After the Sn-1.6Cu alloy was spread on the copper substrate, no defects such as pores and cracks at the interface were observed, and inter-diffusion of elements occurred at the interface, forming a copper-tin solid solution layer; the interface bonding property was good.
  • DING Yongfeng, LONG Chanjuan
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 12-15,31. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911004
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Taking the back cover of a best-selling mobile phone as an example, the effects of injection time, melt temperature, mould temperature and holding pressure on the maximum warpage deformation of PC+ABS engineering plastic alloy parts were simulated by MoldFlow software via orthogonal test method, and the optimum injection process parameters were obtained. The trial production was carried out with the optimum process parameters obtained by simulation in order to verify the reliability of the simulation results. The results show that the primary to secondary sequence of injection process parameters that affected warpage deformation of thin-walled parts of mobile phone back cover was injection time, melt temperature, mould temperature and holding pressure. The optimum injection molding parameters obtained by simulation were injection time of 0.40 s, melt temperature of 280℃, mould temperature of 72℃ and holding pressure of 60 MPa, and at this point the maximum warpage deformation of the part was the smallest with the value of 0.509 0 mm; warpage deformation mainly occurred at four corners of the back cover of mobile phone, and the position beside headphone jack had the maximum warpage deformation. The maximum warpage deformation of the trial-produced product was 0.530 mm with the optimum process parameters, and the warpage deformation location was consistent with the finite element simulation result, which verified the reliability of the simulation results.
  • WANG Dongsheng, TIAN Zongjun
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 16-20. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911005
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    WC-Co particle reinforced NiCrBSi composite coating (NiCrBSi/WC-Co composite coating) was prepared on the surface of 42CrMo alloy steel substrate by coaxial powder feeding laser cladding technique. The phase composition, microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coating were investigated. The results show that the primary phases of the composite coating were composed of γ-Ni solid solution, WC, FeNi3, B2Co3, CoCx, FeCr0.29Ni0.16C0.06, W3C and Co3W3C6. There were disoriented fine dendrite crystals at the upper area of the composite coating, massive columnar dendrite crystals in the middle area and cellular crystal which grew perpendicular to the interface at the bottom area. A good metallurgical bonding between coating and substrate was obtained. The average microhardness of the composite coating surface were 810 HV, which was much higher than that of the substrate (270 HV); the wear mass loss was 0.3 mg, which was much lower than that of the substrate (1.9 mg); the wear mechanism was abrasive wear. The composite coating could significantly improve the wear resistance of 42CrMo steel substrate.
  • PAN Qiaoyu, YU Xinping, QI Yongjie, HUANG Qinghua, PAN Guangyong
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 21-26. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911006
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The isothermal constant strain rate hot tensile deformation was conducted on TC4-DT titanium alloy in α+β two-phase region (925℃), near-β two-phase region (960℃) and quasi-β single-phase region (995℃), respectively. And then solution at 950, 940, 960, 980℃ and aging at 550, 720℃ were carried out. The change trend of flow stress and microstructure after different treatment processes were studied. The results show that in the initial stage of tensile deformation, the flow stress increased rapidly to the peak value and then decreased slowly. The reduction extent of flow stress decreased with the increase of deformation temperature. The higher the tensile deformation temperature or the larger the deformation amount, the less the amount of primary α phase in the microstructure, and the more the needle-like α phase and the lamellar structure. The higher the solution temperature was, the more the needle-like α phase precipitated, and the easier the lamellar structure formed after tensile deformation of at 960, 995℃ and solution treatment at different temperatures. The microstructure after hot tensile deformation, solution and aging treatment had little difference from that before aging treatment, but the secondary α phase precipitated on β phases between needle-like α phases; the higher the aging temperature, the coarser the needle-like α phase, and the more obvious the lamellar structure.
  • GAO Jicheng, SONG Zihao, ZHOU Lang, GU Cheng, GU Peiyang, SHEN Yifu
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 27-31. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911007
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Polyimide (PI) particles were presetted on 7075 aluminum alloy surface, and then friction stir processing (FSP) technique was applied to prepare PI/7075 aluminum-base composite with different processing passes. The effects of the processing pass on the microstructure and wear resistance of the composite were studied. The results show that the inner defects of the composite decreased, and the grain refining effect and the dispersion of the PI particles in the aluminum alloy substrate increased when the processing pass increased. The wear resistance of the composite was better than that of the 7075 aluminum alloy, and increased with the increase of processing pass. The wear surface of the friction stir processed composite with different passes had a few furrows and shallow wear scars, and the wear mechanism was adhesive wear and abrasive wear.
  • LI Wanfa, ZHOU Jia, WANG Hao, LV Xuepeng, ZHENG Yong
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 32-36. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911008
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Mo2FeB2-based cermets were prepared by vacuum liquid phase sintering technique. The effect of V addition amount (0-7.5wt%) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cermets was investigated. The results show that the porosity of cermets had little change when V addition amount was not more than 2.5wt%. When V addition amount was more than 2.5wt%, pores in cermets increased obviously and the relative density of cermets decreased. V addition had no effect on the phase composition of cermets, and Mo2FeB2 hard phase was uniformly distributed in the iron-base bonding phases. When the V addition amount was 2.5wt%, hard phase was long ribbon shape and was obviously refined. When V addition amount exceeded 2.5wt%, hard phase agglomerated and its morphology changed from long ribbon shape to equiaxial shape. With the increase of V addition amount, the hardness, rupture strength and fracture toughness all first increased and then decreased, and reached their maximum values with V addition amount of 2.5wt%, which were 90.6 HRA, 2 350 MPa and 15.1 MPa·m1/2, respectively.
  • WU Yejun, SUN Yaoyao, MA Guoxin
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 37-41. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911009
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Tungsten argon arc welding with single-sided welding double-sided forming was conducted on S904L super austenitic stainless steel pipe with dimension of 60 mm×3 mm. The microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance of the joint were analyzed. The results show that there were no pore, overlap, dent and undercut on the surface of the joint weld, and there were no crack, incomplete fusion, lack of penetration inside weld indicating the good forming performance of the weld. The microstructure of weld consisted of columnar grains and equiaxed grains, and the microstructures of heat affected zone and base metal were both anstenite. The tensile strength of the joint was not lower than 525 MPa, and the joint fractured at the heat affected zone; the fracture type was ductile fracture. No cracks were observed on surfaces of face bending and back bending samples after 180° bending, and the results met the standard requirement. The micro-hardness of the heat affected zone was the highest, and followed by the weld and base metal. The intergranular corrosion sensitivity of the base metal and the weld were relatively small, and the corrosion resistance of the weld in the sulfuric acid was only slightly poorer than that of the base metal.
  • REN Sendong, BI Tao, LI Suo, LIU Xiangjun, WANG Haoyu, DENG Dean
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 42-46. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911010
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Temperature field and residual stress field of P92 steel multi-layer and multi-pass welded joint were studied by the finite element simulation method of thermal-metallurgical-mechanical computational procedure considering solid-state phase transformation via SYSWELD software. The morphology of joint section was observed. Residual stress was measured by hole-drilling method, and the simulated results were verified. The change of residual stress in the joint was also investigated by finite element simulation. The results show that simulated maximum temperature profile shape of the joint section was in good agreement with the morphology of weld and heat affected zone obtained by test, indicating that the finite element simulation could well restore the heat input during actual welding process. The simulated residual stress had a symmetrical distribution along weld center, and matched tested results well, indicating that the finite element simulation method could accurately predict the residual stress in P92 steel multi-layer and multi-pass welded joint. Partial metal in weld and heat affect zone softened after undergoing continued thermal cycles during multi-layer and multi-pass welding, leading to residual stress relief and then residual stress redistribution during cooling process.
  • QU Lizheng, WU Yiwen, SHAN Qingqun, DENG Xiaowei, YU Zhengyue
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 47-52. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911011
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The continuous ball indentation tests of typical power hardening metal material 6061 aluminum alloy were simulated using ABAQUS software by two- and three-dimensional modeling method. The indentation load-depth curves were obtained and verified by ball indentation experiments. The tensile property parameters by different methods were calculated based on the indentation load-depth curves, and compared with results from uniaxial tensile tests. The effect of sample thickness and distance between adjacent ball indenters on calculated tensile properties were analyzed. The results show that the indentation load-depth curve obtained by the three-dimensional modeling method was more consistent with the ball indentation experiment results. The representative stress and representative strain data obtained by three-dimensional modeling method was more consistent with the stress-strain curve acquired by tensile tests; the relative errors between calculated tensile strength, yield strength and experimental values were no more than 1%, indicating that the method could accurately characterize the tensile properties of test alloy. The critical sample thickness and critical distance bweeen adjacent ball indenters affecting the tensile properties were both 4 times of indenter radius.
  • CHENG Xiuquan, YAN Chang, CHENG Sizhu, XIA Qinxiang
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 53-56,61. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911012
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The concepts of relative cave depth, relative cave width and stress loss ratio of residual stress cave were introduced by establishment of the residual stress cave math model. The effect of shock energy (1.0-3.0 J), spot diameter (1.0-3.0 mm), shock number (1-5 times) and spot overlap ratio (30%-70%) on residual stress cave was quantitatively analyzed by finite element model verified by experiment. The results show that stress loss ratios caused by residual stress cave were all very small, which were all less than 3%; relative cave widths were all less than 20%; the variation range of relative cave depths was large, which was 0-70%, and relative cave depth was the main factor to affect the uniformity of surface residual stress. In order to improve the uniformity of surface residual stress, when the relative cave depth of single residual stress cave was more than 10%, the spot overlap method should be used to shock peening, and the distance between two neighbouring spot center should be equal to the opening radius of the residual stress cave.
  • WANG Xinglu, HE Lile
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 57-61. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911013
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    A calculation method for surface crack fatigue propagation shape was proposed based on the theory of energy release rate during crack propagation, and the shape evolution of surface crack propagation in metal sheet under tensile and bend fatigue loads was studied and verified by experiments. The results show that the surface crack shape obtained by calculation was semi-circular in the initial stage of surface crack propagation under the tensile load, and gradually changed to flat long semi-elliptical shape with the increase of crack depth; the surface crack shape was semi-circular in the initial stage of crack propagation under the bending load, and gradually became slender semi-elliptical shape with the increase of crack depth. The shape of surface crack during fatigue propagation obtainbed by tests was getting closer to that obtained by calculation. The relative error of crack depth between the tested value and calculated value was less than 4.5% under the condition of equal surface crack length, indicating that the calculation method of surface crack propagation shape based on the theory of energy release rate was feasible to predict shape evolution of surface crack fatigue propagation.
  • FAN Yilin, KAN Qianhua, KANG Guozheng, XU Xiang
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 62-67,72. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911014
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    Uniaxial tensile experiment, symmetry cyclic strain and asymmetric cyclic stress fatigue experiments were carried out to investigate the cyclic characteristic and ratcheting behavior of heat-treated U71Mn rail steel. Based on the experimental results, the Abdel-Karim-Ohno cyclic plastic constitutive model was modified. The simulation results were compared with the experimental results. The results show that the test steel exhibited a cyclic softening characteristic in the initial cycles. The obvious ratcheting behavior was observed under asymmetric cyclic stress loading, and the ratcheting strain increased with the increase of stress amplitude, mean stress and peak stress; the ratcheting strain rate increased with the increase of peak stress; when the peak stress was no more than 950 MPa, the ratcheting strain rate decreased rapidly and approached a stable state with the increase number of cycles; when the peak stress was more than 950 MPa, the ratcheting strain rate first decreased and then increased. The average relative error of ratcheting strain between experimental and simulated values obtained by the modified Abdel-Karim-Ohno cyclic constitutive model under most working conditions was about 9.8%, indicating that the model could reasonably predict ratcheting behaviors of heat-treated U71Mn rail steel in stress cyclic conditions.
  • LI Jian, ZHANG Conghui, CAO Tieshan, ZHAO Jie
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 68-72. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911015
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The cracking cause of TP347H steel reheater tube of circulating fluidized bed boilers in a power plant was analyzed by macroscopic morphology and microstructure observation, chemical composition analysis, hardness measurement and impact property test. The results show that after TP347H steel reheater tube was welded with fins, the metallographic uniformity near the weld bond decreased, and the grains in local area coarsened, resulting in the poor mechanical properties. During the service process, the crack initiated at the grain boundaries near the weld bond of the reheater tube under the combined action of the welding residual stress and the additional stress generated by the platen reheater tube vibration. The oxidation reaction during high temperature service accelerated the cracking of the reheater tube. It was recommended to replace the TP347H steel with fine grain materials and optimize the structural arrangement of the reheater to prevent the reheater tube from cracking.
  • ZHAO Guoxian, DU Hangbo, XU Wenyan, XUE Yan, ZHU Hengqian
    Materials For Mechanical Engineering. 2019, 43(11): 73-78. https://doi.org/10.11973/jxgccl201911016
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save
    The failure causes of the bolts of inlet valve cover of feed gas A compressor of light hydrocarbon station in an oilfield was investigated by the analysis of fracture morphology, chemical composition, microhardness, microstructure and stress condition. The results show that the fracture mode of bolts was fatigue fracture, and fatigue cracks originated from the thread root. The thread root had some defects such as notches and pits due to improper processing; the positions of defects generated stress concentration easily and became the fatigue crack initiation. Micro-cracks propagation occurred under the interaction of alternating stresses during the operation of compressor, and bolts eventually fractured. It was recommended to introduce residual stresses on the surface of thread root by surface peening, carburizing or nitriding, to carry out quenching and tempering heat treatment strictly following heat treatment requirements of high strength fastener, to tighten bolts strictly following operating requirements of compressor, and to inspect and replace bolts regularly.